[en] The article presents a promising method for reconstructing variations in the ocean circulation based on analysis of chalk shells of organisms in sediments from bore cores. The method should be able to give interesting information about natural climate alterations. Some limitations and advantages are discussed. (tk)

No abstract available

[en] Climatic changes during the last 50 years have been studied. Large alterations in the deep ocean currents in the Nordic Seas have been observed. The Gulf Stream has become more narrow but more vigorous. Simple oceanic models and observations of trace elements show that the temperature increase in the deep layers of the Greenland Ocean is caused by the halt in bottom water formation around 1980. The Norwegian Ocean has a larger content of fresh water than before and the sea water warming has increased significantly in the North Atlantic Ocean. It is too early to conclude that the observed phenomena have a direct connection to the global warming. A sea water circulation chart for the North Atlantic Ocean is presented

[en] The article surveys the need for improving climatic models by studying the glacier edge processes. Climatic consequences from climatic phenomena such as arctic fronts, strong winds and cold air eruptions are discussed

No abstract available

[en] The overview gives an account of studies of snowfall, ice melting and formation and water flow patterns in the Antarctic during the present global warming period. It also gives a survey of the ice area in the region. The sea water warming is dramatic and a large floating glacier seems to be decomposing which is disrupting the oceanographic and ecological relations in the region and globally and is significantly influencing the global climate

No abstract available