[en] A manual describing the construction of x-ray films, the methods of processing them (films) and the equipment required. The manual has also described the facilities ideal for film processing (the processing room), storage and the factors that determine the quality of the expected images. The author has illustrated the process with the aid of diagrams

[en] The oxidation kinetics of thiolactic acid by hexacyanoferrate (III) in acid and alkaline media employing the calorimetric method have been described. The two compounds react in equimolar ratio in both media, but the kinetic results are different in both media. In acid medium the total order is three, two with respect to thiol and one in oxidant. The rate of the reaction shows an inverse proportionality to (H⁺) and also varies inversely with decreasing dielectric constant of the medium. In alkaline medium, the total order of the reaction is two, being unity in each reactant. The rate increases with increased pH value. Additions of ferrocyanide and dithio dilactic acid have no effect on the rate in both media. Additions of a neutral electrolyte does not affect the rate in the acid medium, while a positive salt effect was observed in an alkaline medium. Activation parameters have been evaluated in both media and in a medium of low dialectric. Different reaction schemes have been proposed for acid and alkaline media and have satisfactory explained the experimental data, except for the pH rate. (author)

[en] This is the proposed constitutin for the Society for the promotion of peaceful applications of nuclear sciene. It contains the clauses that will be expected to guide the operations of the society and the procedures that would be followed if the society is to be dissolved.(self)

[en] The method of factorization to solve the problem of the one-dimensional harmonically bound Brownian particle was applied. Assuming the the rapidily fluctuating random force is Gaussian and has an infinitely short correlation time, explicit expressions for the position-position,velocity-velocity, and the position-velocity correlation functions, which are also use to write down appropriate distribution functions were used. The correlation and distribution functions for the complex quantity (amplititude) which provides the expressions for the position and velocity of the particle are calculated. Finally, Fokker-Planck equations for the joint probability distribution functions for the amplititude and it's complex conjugate as well as for the position and velocity of the particle are obtained. (author)

[en] We develop an alternative approach to the Wkb approximation through a factorization procedure for the one -dimensional time independent Schrodinger equation. The method yields the expected Wkb results for slowly varying potentials.

[en] The critical need for nuclear energy is premised on the fact that, with the rising demand for power in the country and diversification of the energy mix. The Least Cost Power Development Plan considers nuclear energy as a long term option in Kenya’s energy mix contributing up to 4,000mw is to projected total of 21,000mw in 2030. In April 2010, the National Economic and Social Council proposed the introduction of nuclear electricity into the Kenyan energy mix as a national priority. In November 2010 a 13 member committee - Nuclear Electricity Project Committee (NEPC) was gazetted (Kenya Gazette Notice No. 14188) under the then Ministry of Energy charged with the mandate of spearheading the development of nuclear energy in Kenya. In November 2012, the Kenya Nuclear Electricity Board was established vide the State Corporations Act, Cap 446 and it effectively became successor of the NEPC. Its Mandate is to Promote and expedite the development of nuclear electricity in Kenya, Develop policies and propose legislations necessary for the successful implementation of a nuclear power programme. June 2012 - Establishment of the Ad Hoc Inter Ministerial Committee on Nuclear Energy Policy and Law to coordinate and harmonize all nuclear energy policies, bills and initiatives. The bill also aims at the Establishment and maintenance of an independent and competent regulatory body

[en] There has been increasing concern that drier and hotter seasons are becoming more frequent due to climate change especially in semi-arid environments causing adverse effects on agricultural production. Analysis of long-term (1980-2010) trends of rainfall in the first growing season (i.e. March and July) at Katumani, Kenya showed that about 55% of the seasons were below the long-term average, with an all time low occurring in the year 2000. Although the wettest years (1998 and 1985 ) had relatively higher percentages above the long-term average (143.9% and 138.4% ) compared to lower percentages ( 61.7% and 59.7%) of the driest years ( 2000 and 1987), the latter were relatively less in numbers (i.e. 45%). Mean seasonal temperatures however did not show high variation from the long term mean implying that rainfall was the main cause of yield variation in this area. The AquaCrop model (Ver. 3.1) evaluated using three years (i.e. 1999, 2000 and 2001) of experimental results at Katumani, gave reasonable estimates of above ground biomass and grain yield of Katumani composite maize variety. The model was then used to predict Katumani maize yields under 20% depletion of rainfall and 3°C temperature elevation scenarios. Biomass and grain yields simulated respectively ranged between 2.971 to 6.558 and 0.910 to 2.564 T Ha-1 with probabilities of obtaining 3-5 T Ha-1 biomass and 1-2 T Ha-1 grain yields each dropping from 98 to 25%. Adaptation measures are given as management recommendations in line with the changed climatic scenario. (author)

[en] Vermiculite and wood-ash are currently being used as thermal insulators in the new improved jiko and wood stoves. The thermal conductivities, of these thermal insulators has been investigated with respect to conditions of use such as varying temperatures and packing density (porosity) Thermal conductivity calculated from different theoretical models have also been compared to the experimental results. The results show that in the temperature range of 0-64 degrees celsius, the thermal conductivities increase with increasing temperature. Thermal conductivity due to enhanced conduction heat transfer also increases as porosity is reduced. At higher temperatures total thermal conductivity is mainly due to Zumbrunen et al., (1986) gives results closes to the experimental results

[en] A cold electron gas fills the lowest Landau level for high enough magnetic and for low enough densities. Such a situation is expected to occur for Malmberg O'neil experiment and also for pulsar crusts and atmospheres. Such plasmas behave as quasi-one dimensional system and exhibit some peculiarities in the wave structure. We have studied the dispersion and damping of the low frequencies i.e, the whistler mode, and the extraordinary mode for zero temperature.The behaviour of the whistler mode depends critically on the ''filling number'' ηFc=εF/ηΩ,where εF is Fermi energy and Ω is the cyclotron frequency. The one dimensional character of the system affects the pair excitation spectrum and thus the decay of modes. We find that in contrast to the three-dimensional situations, the plasma mode and the extraordinary mode remain undamped, while the whistler mode is undamped for all but very high k-values (author)

[en] This paper presents the results of Curie temperature analyses, high temperature oxidation and electron microscope analyses of titano magnetite grains in volcanic rocks of Kenya. The rocks include basalts, trachytes, nephelinites, melanephelinites, olivine nephelinites,welded tuff and phonolites. The results based on the Curie temperatures and degree of high temperature oxidation of the rocks, age ranging from 1.5 to 13.5 My, may be classified into four broad groups.The correlation of measured Curie temperatures to compositional Curie appears to be significant (author)