[en] Data on the management of carcinoma of the prostate by radiation therapy were obtained from 12 centres in Canada. The outcome in a total of 1496 patients has been analysed as a medical audit. The crude five-year survival is 69 percent and at eight years it is 51 percent

[en] Clinco-radiological seminars are an effective method of teaching medical students. However, in busy departments it is often difficult to provide enough radiologists for small group instruction. This can be facilitated by the use of prepared teaching kits. Each kit contains a set of duplicated films and a syllabus which gives a short clinical history for each patient and a series of questions to be used to direct the discussion. Each diagnostic problem is chosen to demonstrate core material. We have been using these teaching kits for organ system teaching in the preclerkship year. Teaching kits offer several advantages. They make it easier to recruit seminar leaders through efficient use of their time. The use of duplicated films and a syllabus ensures that all students cover the same material. The syllabus can be used to generate examination questions for reinforcement of important concepts. The kits are also available to students to review alone and can be readily updated as required

[en] The diagnosis of hepatic rupture in patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension (preeclampsia and eclampsia) is rarely made preoperatively. Diagnostic imaging can be utilized in some patients to confirm the preoperative diagnosis. Since hematoma formation precedes hepatic rupture, then, when diagnostic modalities such as sonography and computed tomography identify patients with hematomas, these patients are at risk of rupture, and should be hospitalized until the hematomas resolve

[en] Urinary incontinence presenting after iatrogenic or other trauma to the urethral sphincters is a distressing symptom for the patient and often a troublesome problem for a surgeon. Dynamic retrograde urethrography and voiding cystourethrography can greatly assist the urologist in determining the extent of the damage to the sphincters and thence selecting the appropriate treatment. We outline a method of urethrography for the assessment of male urinary incontinence, not previously described in the radiologic literature, to be used as a radiologic adjunct to clinical and urodynamic assessment

[en] Many hospitals are faced with the development of radiation emergency plants. Details are given of the relevant literature and audio-visual materials to assist in the development of such a plan

[en] The lung scan findings in 22 normal patients (9 men, 13 women; mean age 39.3 years) obtained using a GECT/T 8800 scanner have been analyzed. Central arteries and veins can be distinguished on the unenhanced scan by following their course from the hilum on sequential scans, by identifying their relationship to bronchi, or by their vertical or horizontal orientation in the upper and lower lobes. However, arteries cannot be distinguished from veins in the lung periphery. Attenuation densities from the right lung at the aortic arch, carina and above the right hemidiaphragm were obtained followed by systematic analysis of various parameters including the mean anterior and posterior cortical and medullary attenuation density, anterior and posterior mean lung density, total mean lung density for each slice and the entire right lung, and the anteroposterior gradients. The evidence suggests that the medulla is a 'reservoir' zone, capable of accommodating increased blood flow under appropriate conditions. Clinical applications of these parameters to the diagnosis of diffuse lung disease is illustrated

[en] Twenty-five patients with focal splenic disease were analyzed retrospectively to determine the relative strengths and weaknesses of ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) in the detection and analysis of focal splenic lesions. Lesions were detected in all 25 patients by ultrsonography and in 22 of 25 patients by CT. Ultrasonography appears to be more sensitive in the detection of focal lymphoma within the spleen and may be slightly more sensitive in the detection of microabscesses. CT may offer more specific information regarding the nature of certain lesions, including the detection of cyst wall calcification, gas within an abscess, and the specific site of origin of tumor invading the spleen. Ultrasonography may at times be more specific in the diagnosis of cystic lesions. We recommend ultrasonography as the first method for splenic imaging with CT used when necessary for further characterization of focal lesions

[en] A group of 10 patients with complications following pelvic irradiation were treated with acetyalsalicylic acid (ASA). Epithelial ulceration was healed in four of six patients and improved in one. Radiation enteritis was decreased or abolished in all patients who remained on ASA

[en] The computed tomographic (CT) findings in eight patients with splenic infarction are described and correlated with ultrasound (US) in three. The diagnosis was proven in four by splenectomy or autopsy, in three by comparison with CT, having been obtained shortly before infarction, and in two by angiography. In four patients the infarct occurred as a result of hepatic or splenic artery embolization

[en] Oblique intravenous digital subtraction arteriography (IV-DSA) images of the neck were entered high to include the carotid bifurcations and siphons on one view in 80 consecutive patients being investigated for cerebral vascular atherosclerosis. Using a 27 cm image intensifier, these two important areas for atherosclerotic involvement were seen together on 68.1 percent of the images. In 25.6 percent of the images, the centering was too low to include the siphons on the film due to incorrect interpretation of facial anatomy on the oblique scout view. Careful attention to anatomic detail will allow correct centering in most patients. This will allow the bifurcations and siphons to be seen in profile together, thereby decreasing the number of film runs needed and the contrast volume given