[en] This research was undertaken to separate niobium and tantalum from the tin slag by ion-exchange method. Spectrophotometric technique was used to determine the quantities of niobium and tantalum. The complexes formed between niobium or tantalum with pyrogallol absorbed light at wavelength 355 nm and 400 nm respectively. From the experimental results, it was found that the quantities of niobium (Nb₂O₅) and tantalum (Ta₂O₅) in the tin slag sample were in the range of 1.60 -22.88% and 2.34-15.15% respectively

[en] Ultrasonic inspection is one of the most widely used methods for nondestructive inspection. The beam of high-frequency sound wave, ultrasonic wave, is introduced into the material. It travels through the material with some attendant loss of energy and can be reflected at interfaces. The reflected beam is detected and analyzed. Ultrasonic inspection is used to detect flaws in metal parts as well as in welded, brazed and bonded joints during research work and developing production and service. It is also used to detect and locate porosity, pipe, and flakes. In addition, it can be used for the measurement of metal thickness. Ultrasonic inspection is therefore used for quality control and material inspection in all major industries

[en] The linearity of response and fading of LiF (TLD-100) rectangular rods were studied in this research. It was found that the response of the LiF was linear. There was no statistically significant difference between the TL response per rad over the whole range of an absorbed dose used from 0.090 to 10.000 rads (centigrays) of Co-60 radiation with 95% confidence limits. The observation on fading was made within 45 days after exposure to 0.302, 1.471 and 3.783 rads. The TLD-100 showed no significant fading with time of storage