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[en] From its beginnings in 1973, to the present time, the concept of disposing of high-level nuclear wastes within the seabed has attracted serious investigation by numerous scientists. The scientific work to date has led to the general conclusion that the burial of high-level nuclear waste within the deep-sea clays of the oceanic basins, in conjunction with a perfected multi-barrier containment concept, could prove technically and environmentally feasible. This article discusses the need for further consideration of the international legal and political implications arising from any proposed seabed disposal of high-level nuclear waste. Further consideration of the international legal issues necessarily involves the analysis of three general areas of international law, namely: the question of coverage under the 1972 London Ocean Dumping Convention; the application and effect of the provisions of the new United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea; and the consideration of general principles of international law. (NEA)
[fr]
Depuis son apparition en 1973 jusqu'a present. Le principe de l'evacuation des dechets radioactifs de haute activite sous les fonds marins a donne lieu a de nombreux travaux de recherche scientifique approfondis. Les travaux scientifiques menes a ce jour ont conduit a la conclusion generale que l'enfouissement des dechets nucleaires de haute activite dans les argiles de grands fonds des bassins oceaniques, conjointement avec un mode de confinement perfectionne a barrieres multiples, pourrait s'averer realisable du point de vue de la technique et de la protection de l'environnement. Le present article approfondit l'examen des consequences juridiques et politiques qu'aurait au plan international, tout projet d'evacuation de dechets nucleaires de haute activite sous les fonds marins. Cet examen implique necessairement l'analyse de trois domaines generaux du droit international, a savoir, la question de l'applicabilite de la Convention de Londres de 1972 sur la prevention de la pollution des mers resultant de l'immersion de dechets; l'application et l'effet des dispositions de la nouvelle Convention des Nations Unies sur le Droit de la Mer; et l'examen des principes generaux de droit internationalJournal
Nuclear Law Bulletin; ISSN 0304-341X; 
; (no.31); p. 40
; (no.31); p. 40
[en] This article presents 3 amendments that have been adopted about the European regulation on imports of agricultural products originating in third countries following Chernobyl nuclear accident. The first amendment changes the manner in which maximum permitted levels are calculated for all products other than milk, so that these levels in terms of Cesium-134 and 137 are calculated for all dried products on the basis of the reconstituted product as ready for consumption. The second amendment extends the validity of this regulation by 10 years (it will thus expire on 31 March 2010). The third amendment is of a more procedural nature
Journal
Nuclear Law Bulletin; ISSN 0304-341X; ; (no.65); p. 57
; (no.65); p. 57
[en] Three multilateral agreements and the status of five nuclear conventions are presented. The agreements are the following: 1) Agreement for cooperation in the field of transport of Nuclear materials between the Czech Republic and the Russian Federation (1998), 2) Declaration of principles regarding a Multilateral Nuclear Environmental Programme in the Russian Federation (1999), 3) Comprehensive Nuclear-Test Ban Treaty. The conventions relate to nuclear safety, nuclear damage and radioactive waste management. (K.A.)
Journal
Nuclear Law Bulletin; ISSN 0304-341X; ; (no.63); p. 89-94
; (no.63); p. 89-94
[en] The author analyses the US regulatory provisions for radiation emergency response in the light of the recent accident at Three Mile Island-2 nuclear power plant. The role in this respect of the federal agencies and of local authorities is reviewed. After a description of the federal authorities' reaction to the TMI-2 accident, the author reviews its possible consequences at Congressional level and the first recommendations made regarding emergency planning. (NEA)
[fr]
A la lumiere de l'accident survenu recemment a la Centrale nucleaire de Three Mile Island 2, l'auteur decrit les dispositions de la reglementation des USA en matiere de plans d'intervention d'urgence en cas d'accidents de rayonnements ionisants. Il examine le role des organismes federaux comme celui des autorites locales dans ce domaine. D'autre part, apres avoir decrit la reaction des autorites federales face a l'accident de TMI 2, il evoque les repercussions que cela pourrait avoir au niveau du Congres ainsi que les premieres recommandations emises au sujet des procedures d'urgenceJournal
Nuclear Law Bulletin; ISSN 0304-341X; ; (no.24); p. 55-64
; (no.24); p. 55-64
[en] A decision of 20 April 1983 of the US Supreme Court, upholding a moratorium imposed by the State of California against new construction of nuclear plants until certain conditions are met, is being hailed by critics of nuclear power as a defeat for the nuclear and electric utility industries. The authors in their commentary of the decision disagree with this interpretation and believe that its impact is limited in scope and there are some positive aspects with respect to the decision. They furthermore consider that the recently enacted Nuclear Waste Policy Act at the federal level would seem to satisfy state requirements for the availability of nuclear waste disposal and that the future of nuclear power will depend more on its relative economics than on this court decision. (NEA)
[fr]
La decision du 20 avril 1983 de la Cour Supreme des Etats-Unis, confirmant la validite du moratoire institue par l'Etat de Californie au sujet de la construction de nouvelles centrales nucleaires jusqu'a ce que certaines conditions soient remplies, a ete saluee par les critiques de l'energie nucleaire comme une defaite pour l'industrie nucleaire et les compagnies d'electricite. Dans un commentaire de cette decision, les auteurs ne sont pas d'accord avec cette interpretation et estiment que cette decision est de portee limitee et qu'elle presente certains elements positifs. De plus ils considerent que la Loi sur la politique en matiere de dechets nucleaires recemment adoptee a l'echelon federal parait a meme de satisfaire aux exigences des Etats quant a l'existence de moyens d'elimination des dechets nucleaires et que l'avenir de l'energie nucleaire sera determine davantage par des facteurs economiques que par cette decision de la Cour SupremeJournal
Nuclear Law Bulletin; ISSN 0304-341X; ; (no.32); p. 50
; (no.32); p. 50
[en] This Article which covers the most representative examples of French case-law in the nuclear field, analyses the cases involved and the relevant court decisions. It describes the evolution of the nuclear debate in France, the progressive constitution of anti-nuclear associations and their fight against nuclear energy development in the courts in the context of the licensing procedures for nuclear installations. The author analyses French law and the legal basis for the courts' decisions. (NEA)
[fr]
Le present Article, qui fournit les exemples les plus representatifs de la jurisprudence francaise dans le domaine de l'energie nucleaire, analyse les affaires en question ainsi que les decisions correspondantes des tribunaux. L'Article decrit ensuite l'evolution du debat nucleaire en France ainsi que la constitution progressive des associations antinucleaires et leur lutte contre le developpement de l'energie nucleaire aupres les tribunaux, dans le cadre de la procedure d'autorisation des installations nucleaires. L'auteur analyse enfin le Droit francais et les bases juridiques des decisions des tribunauxJournal
Nuclear Law Bulletin; ISSN 0304-341X; ; (no.25); p. 57-69
; (no.25); p. 57-69
[en] This article encompasses all aspects of international co-operation in the nuclear field, from the early uses of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes until the present day, and highlights the countries' desire to internationalize its use by means of bilateral and multilateral agreements, international conventions and by the creation of international organizations responsible for promoting its peaceful uses, in particular the International Atomic Energy Agency within the United Nations. The author gives numerous examples of co-operation in radiation protection, prevention of misuse of nuclear energy (safeguards and physical protection), nuclear liability and transport. Extensive reference is made to the international Conventions and agreements in each specific area of nuclear activity (NEA)
[fr]
Le present article englobe tous les aspects de la cooperation internationale dans le domaine de l'energie nucleaire, du debut de l'utilisation de l'energie nucleaire a des fins pacifiques jusqu'a nos jours. Il met l'accent sur le desir des pays d'internationaliser une telle utilisation au moyen d'accords bilateraux et multilateraux, de conventions internationales et par la creation d'organisations internationales chargees de promouvoir ses utilisations pacifiques, notamment l'Agence Internationale de l'Energie Atomique dans le cadre des Nations-Unies. L'auteur fournit de nombreux exemples de cooperation dans les domaines de la protection contre les radiations, la prevention de l'utilisation abusive de l'energie nucleaire (garanties et protection physique), la responsabilite civile nucleaire et enfin, les transports. L'article se refere en detail aux conventions internationales et aux accords conclus dans tous les secteurs d'activite nucleaireJournal
Nuclear Law Bulletin; ISSN 0304-341X; ; (no.27); p. 34-39
; (no.27); p. 34-39
[en] This article in three parts analyses cover for damage to third parties by fixed nuclear installations, cover for damage to third parties during transport of nuclear substances and finally, cover for damage to nuclear installations. Part I reviews the principles of nuclear third party liability and describes nuclear insurance pools, the coverage and contracts provided. Part II describes inter alia the role of pools in transport operations as well as the type of contracts available, while Part III discusses material damage, the pools' capacities and the vast sums involved in indemnifying such damage. (NEA)
[fr]
Cet article en trois volets analyse la couverture des dommages causes aux tiers provenant d'installations nucleaires fixes, la couverture des dommages aux tiers en cours de transport de substances nucleaires et enfin, la couverture des dommages subis par les installations nucleaires. La premiere partie passe en revue les principes de la responsabilite civile nucleaire et decrit les pools d'assurance nucleaire ainsi que la couverture et les contrats proposes. La partie II examine notamment le role des pools relatif aux operations de transport et les types de contrats disponibles tandis que la troisieme partie traite des dommages materiels, des capacites des pools et des montants considerables necessaires pour l'indemnisation de tels dommagesJournal
Nuclear Law Bulletin; ISSN 0304-341X; ; (no.32); p. 33
; (no.32); p. 33
[en] Act No 84 of 5 March 1982 made substantial amendments to Act No 1240 of 15 December 1971 concerning the National Nuclear Energy Commission (CNEN). The purpose of the amendments was to reorganise the CNEN as a new body, the National Commission for Research and Development of Nuclear and Alternative Energy Sources (Comitato Nazionale per la Ricerca e per lo Sviluppo dell'Energia Nucleare e Delle Energie Alternative, ENEA). The ENEA is responsible for R and D in nuclear and alternative energy sources. This is a translation of the 1971 Act, as amended. (NEA)
[fr]
La Loi no 1240 du 15 decembre 1971 relative au Comite national de l'energie nucleaire (CNEN) a ete modifiee de facon substantielle par une loi no 84 du 5 mars 1982. L'objet de ces amendements est de reorganiser le CNEN sous la forme d'un Comite national pour la recherche et le developpement de l'energie nucleaire et des sources energetiques de substitution (Comitato Nazionale per la Ricerca e per lo Sviluppo dell'Energia Nucleare e delle Energie Alternative - ENEA). L'ENEA est responsable des travaux de recherche et developpement dans le domaine de l'energie nucleaire et des energies de substitution. Le present texte est une traduction du Decret de 1971 tel qu'il a ete modifieJournal
Nuclear Law Bulletin; ISSN 0304-341X; ; (no.30); p. 13-23
; (no.30); p. 13-23
[en] This article reviews nuclear liability legislation in the United States (Price-Anderson Act) and discusses the amount of nuclear liability insurance presently available as well as the plan proposed by the insurance pools which represents a fundamental change in the Price-Anderson indemnity programme. It also reports on the claims presented for the accident at Three Mile Island and contains tables which reproduce claims history in general and annual numbers of monitored onsite workers. (NEA)
[fr]
Le present article analyse la legislation relative a la responsabilite civile nucleaire aux Etats-Unis (Loi Price-Anderson) et passe en revue le montant de l'assurance responsabilite civile nucleaire actuellement disponible, ainsi que le plan propose par les pools d'assurance qui represente une modification fondamentale du programme d'indemnisation de la Loi Price-Anderson. L'article traite egalement des demandes en reparation introduites a la suite de l'accident de Three Mile Island et contient des tableaux qui reproduisent en historique des actions introduites en general ainsi que le nombre annuel des personnes travaillant sur les sites qui font l'objet d'une surveillanceJournal
Nuclear Law Bulletin; ISSN 0304-341X; ; (no.33); p. 45-56
; (no.33); p. 45-56
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