[en] It was studied the behavior of the Zn₂2Al₂Cu alloy within urban environment (ISO C3) and it is compared with that of galvanized steel (zinc) and aluminium at the same environment. The exposure included three annual exposures and other until for five years. The corrosion damage was evaluated by weight losses. The results confirm a greater corrosion for the ternary alloy compared with the galvanized steel. However, the obtained results through the Polarization resistance technique (Rp), utilizing a 0.1 M Na₂SO₄ solution, indicated greater values for the corrosion products layer over the alloy with respect to galvanized. The formed corrosion products over the exposed samples by different periods were characterized by different techniques to estimate the protective properties out in the open. By means of X-ray diffraction were identified zinc and aluminium sulfates also alumina in the ternary alloy. The presence of alumina was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. Through polarization curves and punctual analysis by X-ray dispersive energies (EDX) it was confirmed the enrichment of the aluminium surface by the preferential dissolution of zinc. (Author)

[en] The unprecise characteristic of the environmental parameters determines passive variable properties in the formed corrosion products out in the open. They were required at least three years by essaying in the atmospheres where the patina is naturally formed for a long term information disposition about its protector power, its stabilization velocity and its attack morphology suffered by the metal. In patinas formed in laboratory on the contrary, to get morphology and a defined chemical composition, allowing its accelerated formation and an uniform attack, with a reproducible and controllable metal corrosion velocity. The protective properties of the patinas formed on copper as like artificial way (blue, green, violet, and maroon) as natural way out in the open which were evaluated by means of different characterization techniques. It was applied potential kinetics polarizations, scanning electron microscopy (Sem) and surface analysis EDAX. The corrosion products composition was determined by X-ray diffraction and W spectroscopy. Starting from obtained results through different techniques it was concluded that the green patinas, as artificial as the naturally formed, as well as those of the best protector power. the others three ones present different failures as less adherence, high porosity and basic metal exfoliation. (Author)

[en] The CLIMAT essay has been employed as for the micro climate corrosiveness determination as for large geographic zones, allowing the qualification of corrosiveness of the interesting sites, the maps raising, the materials evaluation and the pollution focus localization. However, its utility, this has not been deepen in the understanding of his characteristics and corrosive process that it experiments. With the purpose in order to deepen in its knowledge and evaluating the useful possibilities in an immersion-emersion accelerated essay, it was accomplishment the present work. For this, was employed spiral aluminium manometers forming a galvanized pair with copper and steel screws, which were exposed to representative dissolutions of rainwater of the rural, urban and marine environment. It was measured the electrode potential for the essays, the corrosion velocities were determined gravimetrically, it was drawing polarization curves and they were characterized the corrosion products by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Infrared spectrometry (Ftir), Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem) and stereoscopic microscope. The results allow to conclude that must pass sometime for what galvanic action was established. The potential evolution after that initial time, is approximately the same for the two pairs, for which the main losing of mass obtained in the Al-Cu screw has to be explained with kinetic arguments offered for polarization curves. The main corrosion product is bayerite (Al(OH)₃), with greater crystallinity in Cl^- dissolution than in SO₄^(2-) and with morphologies very influenced by environment. (Author)

[en] Nuclear waste usually concerns public about the impact on public health and the environment. In Mexico, such interest exists, particularly in the Temascalapa Municipality, Mexico where a low level waste repository recognized by the IAEA, has been functioning since 1972. Maquixco repository is located at 42 Kilometers northeast of Mexico City. Although the environmental radiological monitoring records have demonstrated negligible impact on the environment, in 1998 an unusual public polemic on radioactive health effects appeared among Temascalapa residents. This paper presents a research performed during 1998 with the participation of the National Nuclear Research Institute of Mexico and the National Autonomous University of Mexico. The research design allowed the involvement of local authorities, as a way of stimulate public participation. The research was performed in nine locations of the Temascalapa Municipality, it was focused on public polemics, associated to Maquixco repository as well as trying to identify demographic factors that exert influence on public attitudes. There are also presented the results of personal dosimetry analysis performed on a four hundred residents sample of this Municipality. (Author)

[en] The thin films of TiO₂ have been investigated extensively in the last years, since they have a broad variety of applications, which owing to their less usual chemical, electrical and optical properties. In this work are presented the obtained results to deposit TiO₂ thin films over glass substrates utilizing the Laser ablation technique. It has been deposited thin films at different substrate temperatures and different oxygen pressures, with the purpose to study the influence of these deposit parameters in the structural characteristics of the obtained films. The structural characterization was realized through Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD), the superficial morphology was verified by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results show that the obtained films were TiO₂ in rutile phase, getting this with the substrates at low temperature, its morphology shows a soft surface with some sprinkling particles and a good adherence. (Author)

[en] Previous studied accomplished in the country have permitted to evaluate the activity of the regulatory body in nuclear safety matter in part of the national territory. These studies did not encompass the Camaguey province. In the work are shown the results of the study in this part of the territory, accomplished as of the survey elaborated by the National Nuclear Safety Center using guides it ASCOT and other documents of the IAEA

[en] This paper describe the criteria considered to design the GESAT system, the elements considered to select the relational model, selection of the database language and the main features and possibilities of this system. GESAT allow the management of training programs based on the Systematic Approach to Training. Include the information related with all SAT phases, the results of the job analysis, training plans design, development of materials, training implementation, and the subsequent evaluation

[en] Several clinical searches can be done using The Single Probe Diagnosis System: Thyroid uptake, Eritroferrocinetic studies, Studies of survival of hematite's, Studies of peripheral vascular diseases , Studies of gastric emptying time. The system can be set spectrometric parameters for several radionuclides (^131I, ^125I, ^99mTc, ^59Fe, ^51Cr, ^57Ga, ^57Co) used in Nuclear Medicine by itself. It is a unit made of a mechanical structure and a detection-measured system based in a Z80 microprocessor. Data obtained are processed and can be printed or sent to a P C by RS-232 protocol

[en] In the present work the contents of Al; K; Ca; Mn; Fe; Ni; Cu; Zn; Sr; Cd and Pb in red mangroves (Rhizophora mangle) from different Cuban regions are determined, using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (Emission-Transmission (Et) and I/C methods), Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), and Polarography (Anodic Stripping Voltametry method). Biological Certified Reference Materials (CRM) are employed for the tracing of the tracing of the curves of the relative I/C method and for the evaluation of the analytical results accuracy. The reliability of the results is also checked by statistical means. Standard deviations and the detection limits of each method are reported. Finally, the obtained values for the concentration of the different elements in each studied ecosystem are presented; a detailed discussion about their significance will be performed in a further paper

[en] Full text: When a therapeutic dose of 131 I is indicated, especially in the thyroid carcinomas, the authorized doctor must always have present the possibility that the patient eliminates high activities of the radio-active material with the vomit. Keeping in mind that dose of 100 to 200 mCi is habitual in the carcinoma of thyroid, this episode can constitute a true radiological emergency, particularly because the first ones in taking knowledge of the fact can be people without appropriate preparation to this situation, what can cause contaminations difficult to manage them. Because it is not acceptable that a source open of high activity remains without treatment long time, the authorized doctor must act immediately, for that which should be prepared with anticipation, and have the necessary elements, to have an operative routine and to administer the storage of the polluted elements appropriately. To such an effect, we have orchestrated a sequential program of performance of 11 points, in the cases of plentiful vomits, with contamination of floors and things of the room. The program begins with the writing instructions for the patient and the personnel of infirmary in case of feeling desires to vomit, and de program is completed in case of being necessary. The elements are detailed in a handbag that contains for radiological emergencies for vomit. It notes that the low cost of the elements and clothes kind for surgery disposable. It discusses about the necessity of having prepared rooms for to receive patient with treatment with 131 I, in the clinics and public hospitals. (author)