[en] This presentation will focus on the evolutionary improvements that have been made to System 80 which is the current operating design that was selected as the basis for developing System 80+. The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) has developed and issued the Advanced Light Water Reactor (ALWR) requirements as the basis for future ALWR's. ABB-CE and its associates were active participants in the development of the ALWR design requirements. System 80+ development has been in accordance with the EPRI requirements and System 80+ is the only Evolutionary Pressurized Water Reactor design to these requirements. The System 80+ design currently is in the final stages of NRC review leading to certification as a complete power plant1 Nuclear Island, Turbine lsland, and Balance of Plant, which are integrated for safe and reliable operation. Improved safety is a major feature of System 80+ with redundancy and diversity providing a prudent balance between accident prevention and mitigation. Safety Injection and Emergency Feedwater are dedicated four-train systems. The containment structure is a large spherical steel vessel surrounded by a cylindrical concrete shield building. The entire nuclear Island is founded on a common basemat to provide seismic resistance. The Nuclear Steam Supply System design has incorporated increased margin and improved reliability. High technology focused the control complex on the human operator. Programmable logic controllers, distributed system architecture, super mini-computers, fiber optic communications, touch sensitive cathode ray tube and advanced signal validation tecniques greatly simplify the design

[en] Turkish Atomic Energy Authority (TAEA), established in 1982 by the Act no: 2690, is a governmental organization directly under the direct supervision of the Prime Minister. The objective of the establisment of TAEA is the peaceful utilization of atomic energy, regarding the national policy and the related plans and programs, for the benefits of State. The main duties of TAEA, as stated in related Act, can be summarized as: to determine and progress the basis of the national policy and the related plans and programs and to submit them to be approved by the Prime Minister; to execute and to support scientific, technical and administrative studies; to give approval, permission and license to the nuclear installations; to enlighten the public in nuclear matters; to establish research and educate the personnel in the nuclear field If Turkey would participate in a Nuclear Energy Program, especially, TAEA should perform its own duties properly and in this respect, as an Authority, we should have objectives that have to be determined as State Policy

[en] A single dose of ultraviolet irradiation with an energy output of 95.5x10³ erg. cm^-2. sn^-1, gave an enhanced erythrocyte sedimentation rate and a low hematocrit value, at the 24th hour after irradiation in the chicken (P< 0.01). Since there were found no significant difference between the values obtained at a subsequent 24 hour after a second irradiation of the same light-dose, it may be assumed that the second irradiation has no effect, as far as sedimentation rates and packed cell volumes are concerned. No correlation has been calculated between the sedimentation rates and hematocrit values

[en] Application of prompt gamma-activation analysis to some environmental samples and NBS's standard reference materials were examined, using NBS reactor and the technique developed by the nuclear chemistry group of the University of Maryland. Concentration of several elements, Cd, B, S, Se, Sb, Zn, Ba, Cr, Cs, Co, Si, Hf, Ce, Yb, Lu, Th, Sc, Eu, Fe, Ta and Rb, were determined by both PGAA and INAA. (author)

[en] Geothermal discharges in the from of hot and mineral waters usually contain a gas phase along with liquid. CO₂, O₂, H₂S, N₂, H₂, SO₂, NH₃, CH₄, He, Ne, X, Kr, Ar etc. are among the major components of gas phase in geothermal fluids. Determination of the respective ratios of these gasses are often helpful in understanding the physical and chemical processes governing in the aquifer systems. Chromatographic determination of gas compositions samples collected from 7 locations in Pamukkale and Kizilcahamam geothermal fields which are among the outstanding geothermal fields in Turkey has been carried out in this study. Hydrogeologic processes affecting gas composition differentiations have also been evaluated.Water and gas samples collected in different periods have been analyzed on Varian 3400 Gas Chromatography and, gas distribution on volume percent basis have been determined. 'O₁8, D, C₁3. He₃ and He₄ isotopic data from Pamukkale geothermal area were also used to identify the gas sources. Among all samples, the general composition variation was found to be (starting from most abundant) carbon-dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen. hydrogen, methane, ethane, ethylene and hydrogen sulfide. Carbon-dioxide, being the most abundant of all gasses. suggests that these geothermal field are promising for CO₂ production. Combined evaluation of geologic and gas composition data from Pamukkale and Kizilcahamam areas indicates that dissolution of marine carbonates which are deeply buried in the aquifer systems is the major source of CO₂

[en] The 1997 Energy Report summarizes the developments and changes in the energy sector

[en] In this study, quantum hall event in multiple GaAs/Ga1-xAlAs quantum hall and Shubnikov-De Haas oscillations have been investigated

[en] In this study, the investigation of charge carriers in high temperature adulterated superconductors is analysed

[en] Galvanomagnetic measurements have been made in two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) systems. Magnetoresistance, Hall resistance and current-voltage (I-V) measurements in modulation-doped GaAsrGaxAIxAs multiple quantum well (MQW) samples with well widths in the range between 50 and 145 u have been carried out as functions of magnetics field and temperature. Steady magnetic fields up to 2.3 T were applied perpendicular to the plane of 2DEG. A computer program has been developed to run the current source in pulsed-mode, which enables I-V measurements in a very short time and avoids heating of the samples. The quantum lifetime (Tq) transport lifetime (Tu), carrier density (n2DEG) and Fermi energy of the two dimensional (2D) electrons have been obtained using the amplitude and the period of Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations and Hall oscillations measured simultaneously in the temperature range t .5-42 K. The results are used to determine the quantum (pq) anrl transport (N,) mobilities of 2D electrons. It is found that the electron mobility is small and does not exhibit a systematic dependence on the quantum well width. This finding indicates that, at liquid-helium temperatures, interface roughness is the dominant scacttering mechanism which limits the mobility. Measurements of zero-field resistance and low-magnetic-field Hall resistance made in the samples with quantum well widths of 51 and 145 u, in the range 55-295 K, have been used to determine the temperature dependencies of the transport mobility (gu) and Hall carrier density (n⁾. The results show that, in the temperature range above about 100 K, optical phonon scattering is the dominating scattering mechanism

[en] Point kinetics analyses of research reactors had been started 30 years ago in Nuclear Engineering Department (now incorporated in another Department) of Cekmece Nuclear Research and Training Center by using AIREKMOD code. That code was used time to time for transient analyses of TR-1 and TR-2 reactors with and without feedback and it was possible to study some special problems by adding subroutines and making modifications in the code. All these studies were separate works. In recent years a need has arisen to prepare a code for LINUX, that is to modify AIREKMOD, which accepts all the works done in the past as options of code, in order not to lose all the results obtained so far. This report has been written to supply a manual for the users. The structure of the old code has been changed almost completely, new subroutines for the options are added, input data has changed for each problem and the output also has ben arranged to be more friendly in tabular forms