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AbstractAbstract
[en] In a field trial, selected motor car emissions were monitored for one year in roadside soils and seepage water at four investigation routes in Nordrhein-Westfalen. The investigations were carried out within the framework of the research and development project financed by the Federal Minister for Transportation: 'Determination and evaluation of road effects on the landscape factors soil and water'. The measuring and analysis program comprised the regular sampling of soils at predetermined distances, the continuous production of seepage water specimens, and their analysis at intervals of 10 days. Terrain-climatological measurements were carried out simultaneously. The set-up of the field trial and the applied methods are described and first results introduced. (orig.)
[de]
In einem Feldversuch wurden an vier Untersuchungsstrecken in Nordrhein-Westfalen ein Jahr lang ausgewaehlte verkehrsbedingte Emissionen in strassenbegleitenden Boeden und im Sickerwasser erfasst. Die Untersuchungen konnten im Rahmen des vom Bundesminister fuer Verkehr finanzierten Forschungs-und Entwicklungsvorhabens 'Ermittlung und Beurteilung strassenbedingter Auswirkungen auf die Landschaftsfaktoren Boden und Wasser' durchgefuehrt werden. Das Mess- und Analyseprogramm umfasste die regelmaessige Beprobung der Boeden in festgelegten Abstaenden, die kontinuierliche Gewinnung von Sickerwasserproben und deren Analyse in Abstaenden von 10 Tagen. Gleichzeitig wurden gelaendeklimatologische Messungen durchgefuehrt. Die Anordnung des Feldsversuchs und die angewandten Methoden werden beschrieben und erste Ergebnisse vorgestellt. (orig.)Original Title
Zur Erfassung verkehrsbedingter Emissionen in strassenbegleitenden Boeden und deren Auswirkungen auf das Sickerwasser
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Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI) - Kommission Reinhaltung der Luft (RdL), Duesseldorf (Germany); VDI-Berichte; v. 837(pt.1); 797 p; ISBN 3-18-090837-8;
; 1990; p. 783-797; VDI-Verl; Duesseldorf (Germany); VDI colloquium on effects of air pollutants on soils - depositions, valuations, regulations; VDI-Kolloquium ueber die Wirkungen von Luftverunreinigungen auf Boeden -Eintraege, Bewertung, Regelungen; Lindau (Germany); 15-17 May 1990; ISSN 0083-5560;
; CODEN VDIBAP


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Krankenhagen, H.J.; Essmat, M.; Richter, H.
Arbeitswissenschaftliches Forschungsinstitut GmbH, Berlin (Germany). Funding organisation: Bundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie, Bonn (Germany)1987
Arbeitswissenschaftliches Forschungsinstitut GmbH, Berlin (Germany). Funding organisation: Bundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie, Bonn (Germany)1987
AbstractAbstract
[en] Application of vibrations over the range up to 3 kHz to the sedimentation and dewatering of two-phase mixtures. The purpose of the study was the development of a new dewatering process on the basis of impulse hydraulics which offers more efficiency and flexibility than existing processes. Changing the dispersion status of a disperse system requires the existance of an additional field of forces. In this case, such field of forces is generated via directional vibrations whereby the vibration parameters -amplitude/frequency/phase angle/energy density - are continuously adjustable. Important factors to influence sedimentation by means of vibrations were found (and/or confirmed) to be the type of sludge and its dry residue. In the case of digested and water sludges, the sedimentation rate could not be increased by the introduction of vibrations; in the case of lead sludge, a certain increase was achieved. On the basis of all results as a whole, the efficiency of the process seems questionable. (orig.)
[de]
Anwendung von Schwingungen im Bereich bis 3 kHz auf die Sedimentation und Entwaesserung von Zwei-Phasengemischen. Ziel der Untersuchung war es, ein neues Entwaesserungsverfahren auf der Basis der Impulshydraulik zu entwickeln, das wirtschaftlicher und flexibler als bestehende Verfahren ist. Die Aenderung des Dispersionszustandes eines dispersen Systems setzt die Existenz eines zusaetzlichen Kraftfeldes voraus. Dieses Kraftfeld wird hier ueber gerichtete Schwingungen erzeugt, wobei die Schwingungsparameter -Amplitude/Frequenz/Phasenwinkel/Energiedichte - stufenlos regelbar sind. Als wichtige Faktoren zur Beeinflussung der Sedimentation mittels Schwingungen ergaben sich (bzw. wurden bestaetigt) die Art des Schlammes und dessen Trockenrueckstand. Bei Faul- und Gewaesserschlaemmen wurde keine Beschleunigung der Sedimentation durch Einleitung von Schwingungen erzielt, bei Bleischlamm im gewissen Umfang. Alle Ergebnisse zusammen betrachtet, lassen eine wirtschaftliche Umsetzung nicht als sinnvoll erscheinen. (orig.)Original Title
Entwicklung eines schwingungsdynamischen Entwaesserungssystems fuer Schlaemme. Abschlussbericht. Bd. 2
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Jul 1987; 182 p; FOERDERKENNZEICHEN BMFT 01VQ304; Available from TIB Hannover: FR 6572(2)
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Kaselow, M.; Kayser, R.
Technische Univ. Braunschweig (Germany). Inst. fuer Siedlungswasserwirtschaft. Funding organisation: Bundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie, Bonn (Germany)1993
Technische Univ. Braunschweig (Germany). Inst. fuer Siedlungswasserwirtschaft. Funding organisation: Bundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie, Bonn (Germany)1993
AbstractAbstract
[en] Simultaneous denitrification is achieved by a measuring and control device which controls the aeration intensity of the activated sludge basin. Decisive parameters are the concentrations of nitrate or, alternatively, ammonium (higher priority) and oxygen present in the site of reaction (activated sludge tank). The ammonium control device which is to be operated in the second activated sludge unit, first cascade, is described. (orig.)
[de]
Die simultane Denitrifikation wird durch eine Mess- und Regeleinrichtung erreicht, welche in die Belueftungsintensitaet des Belebungsbeckens eingreift. Leitparameter dabei sind die im Reaktionsraum (Belebungsbecken) vorhandenen Konzentrationen an Nitrat oder alternativ Ammonium (vorrangige Prioritaet) und Sauerstoff. Nachfolgend wird die Ammoniumregelung beschrieben, die in der Belebungsanlage II - 1. Kaskade - betrieben werden soll. (orig.)Original Title
Halbtechnische Untersuchungen zur Integration der biologischen Phosphorelimination und Denitrifikation in zweistufige Belebungsanlagen. Abschlussbericht
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Sep 1993; 89 p; FOERDERKENNZEICHEN BMFT 02WA8914; Available from TIB Hannover: F93B1139
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AbstractAbstract
[en] The increasing use of on-line measuring systems by which vast amounts of data are obtained demands intelligent ways of processing these further. The article points out some possibilities for using knowledge-based systems in sewage treatment technology. In particular, the application of neural networks for the simulation of feedwater parameters, in plausibility control and for the simulation of the cleaning process is demonstrated. (orig.)
[de]
Der zunehmende Einsatz von On-line-Messsystemen und die damit anfallenden umfangreichen Datenmengen erfordern eine intelligente Weiterverarbeitung dieser Daten. Einige Moeglichkeiten des Einsatzes von wissensbasierten Systemen in der Abwassertechnik werden aufgezeigt. Insbesondere wird die Anwendung neuronaler Netze zur Simulation von Zulaufparametern, zur Plausibilitaetskontrolle sowie zur Simulation des Reinigungsvorganges vorgestellt. (orig.)Original Title
Simulation, Ueberwachung und Steuerung von Abwasserbehandlungsanlagen mit neuronalen Netzen
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Journal Article
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AbstractAbstract
[en] A literature review is presented of the fate of pollutants in sediment and water systems. Topics of discussion include the following: modeling, observations, and general studies; chlorinated xenobiotic chemicals; nonchlorinated xenobiotic chemicals; pesticides; heavy metals; and radionuclides
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Journal Article
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Research Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation; ISSN 1047-7624;
; CODEN RJWFE; v. 62(4); p. 569-577

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AbstractAbstract
[en] Based on the inherent benefits of these original oxidation systems, a second generation of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) has emerged. These processes combine key features of the first generation technologies with more sophisticated advances in UV technology, such as the new pulsed plasma xenon flash lamp that emits high-energy, high-intensity UV light. Second generation systems can be equipped with a transmittance controller to prevent lamp fouling or scaling. The coupling of the first generation's technology with the new UV sources provides the rapid destruction of chlorinated and nonchlorinated hydrocarbons and humic acids from contaminated water. It also is effective in the treatment of organic laden gases from soil vapor extraction systems. AOPs may promote the oxidation (and subsequent removal) of heavy metals in water, though few data are available to verify the claim. The success of AOPs, including ozonation with UV light, hydrogen peroxide with UV light and advanced photolysis, is linked with their creation of hydroxyl-free radicals (OH·) that are effective in eliminating contaminants such as formaldehyde, chlorinated hydrocarbons and chlorinated solvents. Hydroxyl free-radicals are consumed in microsecond reactions and exhibit little substrate selectivity with the exception of halogenated alkanes such as chloroform. They can act as chain carriers. Given their power, hydroxyl free-radicals react with virtually all organic solutes more quickly (especially in water) than any other oxidants, except fluorine. There are projects that have found the combination of some AOPs to be the most efficient organic destruction techniques for the job. For example, one project successfully remediated groundwater contaminated with gasoline and Number 2 diesel through successive treatments of ozone and hydrogen peroxide with ultraviolet light, followed by granular activated carbon. 5 refs., 2 tabs
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Journal Article
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ADSORBENTS, ALDEHYDES, CARBON, CHEMICAL REACTIONS, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION, ELEMENTS, ENERGY SOURCES, FOSSIL FUELS, FUELS, GAS OILS, HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS, LIQUID FUELS, LIQUID WASTES, MANAGEMENT, NONMETALS, ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS, OXYGEN COMPOUNDS, PEROXIDES, PETROLEUM, PETROLEUM DISTILLATES, PETROLEUM FRACTIONS, RADIATIONS, RADICALS, WASTE MANAGEMENT, WASTES, WATER
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AbstractAbstract
[en] Aliphatic hydrocarbons are threatening the potable water supply and the aquatic ecosystem. Given the right microbial inhabitant(s), a large portion of these aliphatic hydrocarbons could be biodegraded before reaching the water supply. The authors' purpose is to isolate possible oil-degrading organisms. Soil samples were taken from hydrocarbon-laden soils at petroleum terminals, a petroleum refinery waste-treatment facility, a sewage-treatment plant grease collector, a site of previous bioremediation, and various other places. Some isolates known to be good degraders were obtained from culture collection services. These samples were plated on a 10w-30 multigrade motor oil solid medium to screen for aliphatic hydrocarbon degraders. The degrading organisms were isolated, identified, and tested (CO2 evolution, BOD, and COD) to determine the most efficient degrader(s). Thirty-seven organisms were tested, and the most efficient degraders were Serratia marcescens, Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter agglomerans
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Executive committee meeting of the Tennessee Academy of Science; Nashville, TN (United States); 24 Apr 1992; CONF-9204258--; Transl.: Cover-to-cover-translation of Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika (USSR). Cover-to-cover-translation of Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika (USSR). Cover-to-cover-translation of Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika (USSR).
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AbstractAbstract
[en] A statistical analysis of daily water-level changes in an abandoned coal mine indicates that precipitation affects the potentiometric level of the mine, independent of associated atmospheric pressure changes and changes in the water level of an overlying aquifer. The independent statistical effect of precipitation (0.99 cm of water-level change per centimeter of rainfall) is interpreted to reflect either lateral percolation from the coalbed's subcrop (1.2 km from the mine) or rapid recharge through mine-associated pathways, such as poorly plugged shafts, boreholes, or subsidence fractures. The relationship between water-level changes in the mine's voids and changes in the overlying aquifer are also statistically significant, but the regression coefficient (0.04) is an order of magnitude smaller than that for precipitation, indicating that vertical percolation (which is represented by convariance of the two aquifers) through undisturbed overburden may be less effective than the recharge associated with precipitation that bypasses the overburden. An equivalent analysis of water-level changes in an underlying unmined coalbed indicated that precipitation had a weaker direct effect (regression coefficient of 0.34, compared with 0.99), although it was still the dominant indepedent variable. In contrast, the effect of water-level changes in an overlying aquifer (the flooded mine itself) was relatively strong (regression coefficient of 0.15, compared with 0.04), indicating that vertical percolation through interburden is more important at depth
Original Title
USA - Indiana
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Brack, W.; Rottler, H.; Hutzinger, O.
Transactions 1 - 1st status seminar, Technical University of Munich, October 27, 19921992
Transactions 1 - 1st status seminar, Technical University of Munich, October 27, 19921992
AbstractAbstract
[en] A battery of different bioassays are set up in order to characterize and determine the risk potential of landfill leachates and defined fractions. The following four project phases can be identified: 1) setting up of the tests, 2) development of a fractioning method, 3) application of the tests to fractions of leachate, 4) chemical analysis of toxic leachate fractions. Selection of the tests, which are described in detail, was preceeded by thorough bibligraphic studies. The tests are currently being used on reference substances. Preliminary testing regarding fractioning and chemical analysis is being done. (orig.)
[de]
Eine Batterie verschiedener biologischer Wirkungstests wird aufgebaut, um damit Deponiesicherwaesser und definierte Fraktionen zu charakterisieren und hinsichtlich ihres Gefaehrdungspotentials einzuordnen. Das Projekt unterteilt sich dabei in vier Phasen: 1) Aufbau der Testbatterie, 2) Entwicklung einer Fraktionierungsmethode, 3) Anwendung der Testbatterie auf Sickerwasserfraktionen, 4) chemische Analytik toxischer Sickerwasserfraktionen. Im Rahmen des Projekts wurde nach eingehender Literaturauswertung eine Testbatterie zusammengestellt, die hier naeher vorgestellt werden soll. Die Tests werden derzeit aufgebaut und mit Referenzsubstanzen erprobt. Vorversuche zur Fraktionierung und chemischen Analytik wurden durchgefuehrt. (orig.)Original Title
Oekotoxikologische Untersuchungen an Deponiesickerwaessern
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Wilderer, P.A. (ed.); Potzel, U. (ed.); Doellerer, J. (ed.); Bayerischer Forschungsverbund Abfallforschung und Reststoffverwertung (BayFORREST), Garching (Germany); Berichte des Bayerischen Forschungsverbundes fuer Abfallforschung und Reststoffverwertung; v. 1; 260 p; 1992; p. 69-77; 1. status seminar of Bayerischer Forschungsverbund Abfallforschung und Reststoffverwertung (BayFORREST): Removal of pollutants and extraction of valuable materials; 1. Statusseminar des Bayerischen Forschungsverbundes Abfallforschung und Reststoffverwertung (BayFORREST): Schadstoffentfernung und Wertstoffgewinnung; Munich (Germany); 27 Oct 1992; ISSN 0942-9123;
; Available from FIZ Karlsruhe

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AbstractAbstract
[en] This conference was held November 14--18, 1993 in Houston, Texas for the purpose of providing a forum for exchange of state-of-the-art information on ecological risk assessment. This book is comprised of the abstracts of the presentations at this symposium. Individual abstracts have been processed separately for inclusion in the appropriate data bases
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1993; 356 p; Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry; Pensacola, FL (United States); 14. annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC); Houston, TX (United States); 14-18 Nov 1993; CONF-931152--; Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Office, 1010 North 12th Avenue, Pensacola, FL 32501-3307 (United States)
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