[en] The trends of atomic energy development and utilization from April 1976 into 1977 in Japan are reported. The white paper is based on three points: peaceful uses possible in nuclear nonproliferation; emphasis on Japan's own fuel cycle and technology development; and safety in nuclear power. After first reviewing the situation in and out of Japan, the activities mainly of nuclear power generation are described. This is then followed by briefing of the Japan AEC plans and the data etc. in the period. (Mori, K.)

[en] Japan Atomic Industrial Forum has made annual surveys and analyses on the actual conditions and prospects of nuclear-associated spending, sales and manpower, to assist normal development of nuclear energy in Japan. The results of the 18th survey covering the period from April, 1976, to March, 1977, are presented. About to hit the bottom soon, the nuclear industry reveals the following matters: 13 units in operation with total capacity 7,428 MW, total spending of yen 893.6 billion, sales in mining and manufacturing industries of yen 341.4 billion, and personnel engaging in nuclear field in mining, manufacturing and power industries of 33,775. (Mori, K.)

[en] Statistics of Brazilian mineral resources and production in 1977 are presented. Data included refer also to economic aspects, market, taxes, government incentives, manpower, exportation, importation, etc

[en] This is a report on a NEA meeting held in Paris on February 1 and 2, 1977. The main field of international nuclear cooperation - which is dealt with along more general lines - is the non-proliferation treaty and its application. The necessary requirements for efficient control and monitoring are listed. Further aims of cooperation between states are briefly discussed. (UA) 891 UA

[en] The effectiveness of the safety systems in an installation depends to a great extent on the ability of the staff to make use of them and on the staff's attitude to safety in general. Hence it is important to give instruction and training in the safety matters. This is the task of the head of the installation, assisted by the safety engineer (conventional safety) and by the representative of the local radioprotection group. To be effective, instruction and training must be not episodic but periodic, the intervals at which it is given depending on the type of staff concerned, the situations that need to be analysed, the knowledge that members of the staff need to acquire or refresh in their minds; there will also be other, occasional elements of training associated with the life of the laboratory or of other similar laboratories. Instruction and training should, to the greatest extent possible, be given by the head of the installation or by the local safety authorities so that the importance attached to safety by all supervisory personnel will be evident to everyone. Instructiona and training in safety should not be limited to lectures. Each category of personnel must have available, in addition to general operating and radioprotection instructions, special safety manuals adapted to the problems likely to be encountered, and must make visits and take an active part in safety drills in the parts of the installation of concern to them. (author)

[en] The general subject of nuclear weapons is discussed under the following headings: manifestation of a nuclear explosion; nuclear explosion centre - area of direct effects caused immediately; factors influencing the character of the nuclear explosion and its zones; radioactive fallout path - area of indirect effects; and factors influencing the character of radioactive pathways and their zones. This chapter is included in a textbook which is intended for civil defence purposes

[en] A survey is presented on the nuclear equipment of the Central Institute of Nuclear Research of the Academy of Sciences of the GDR. It involves the Rossendorf research reactor, the U-120 cyclotron, the 2 MV Van-de-Graaff generator, and the EGP-10-1 tandem-type generator. A summary is provided considering the application of these facilities for the solution of tasks in basic research, applied research, and industry. Organization and mode of operation of the facilities are described. (author)

[en] The operational program of Power Reactor and Nuclear Fuel Development Corporation for FY 1976 is amended as follows. The development of power reactors, amounting to 16,368 billion (government subsidy) and 38,829 billion, covers the development of the fast breeder reactors, JOYO and MONJU, the development of the advanced thermal reactor ATR (heavy water reactor), the operation and preparation of equipments and facilities for common purposes, and the planning and management of research and development. The work on the experimental reactor JOYO will be advanced with the continuation of integral performance tests aiming at reaching criticality by the end of 1976. The sector experiments of the prototype reactor core will be carried out in the fast critical assembly (FCA) of the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI). PNC plans to participate in the BIZET experiment program, designed jointly with West Germany and the UK. The criticality of the prototype ATR will be attained in 1977. The facilities for plutonium fuel development and fuel material inspection will be introduced. Development of nuclear fuel, amounting to 2,303 billion (government subsidy) and 11,137 billion, covers the oversea surveys, the domestic prospecting in the Tohno district, the research at Ningyo-Toge mine, the utilization of plutonium, nuclear fuel cycle, and the development of uranium enrichment by centrifuges and cascades. The reprocessing of spent fuel amounting to 2,804 billion (government subsidy) and 13,985 billion, covers the reprocessing facilities and the development of techniques. (Iwakiri, K.)

[en] The Federal cabinet has adopted the new programme energy research and energy technologies for the period 1977-1980 during its meeting on April 27th, 1977. The programme plans an overall expenditure of 5,945 million DM and integrates another 587 million DM for relevant investment measures out of the programme for furture investments. The targets of the programme are, in accordance with the energy programme of the Federal govermment, as follows: 1) Securing the energy supply on a medium- and long-term basis; 2) making available energy at overall costs favourable for the long-term national economy; 3) adequate and early recognition of environmental concerns, and of requirements concerning the protection of the population and those occupied against the hazards of energy conversion and the application of energy; 4) increasing technological efficiency for the sake of maintaining competitiveness in energy techniques. - There is a close link between this programme and other programmes of the Federal government, i.e. in particular the programmes concerning the environment and raw materials. Taking into consideration these targets, the energy research programme has the following four focal points: 1) Rational use of energy in the field of application and in secondary application; 2) coal and other fossil primary energy carries; 3) new energy sources; 4) nuclear energy. (orig.)

[en] A brief review is given of the power situation in Sweden and of the development programme of nuclear power production in that country, including the construction and operation of light water reactors Oskarshamn 1,2, Ringhals 1,2,3,4 and Barsebaeck 1,2. The further research and development in nuclear power production in Sweden is discussed, namely financing, the safety of nuclear installations, radioactive waste disposal, nuclear heat and power plants, prospective types of reactors, uranium mining and processing. The development and current position of the anti-nuclear lobby in Sweden is dealt with in detail. (B.S.)