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AbstractAbstract
[en] The document reproduces the text of the Convention on Supplementary Compensation for Nuclear Damage which was adopted on 12 September 1997 by a Diplomatic Conference held between 8-12 September 1997 in Vienna
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22 Jul 1998; 222 p
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Report
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[en] The purpose of this study is to take an overview of large technological systems in society to ascertain the prevalence, if any, of situations that can lead to catastrophic effects where the resultant liabilities far exceed the insurances or assets subject to suit in court, thereby imposing de facto limits on liability recoveries. In part, interest in this topic is spurred by the continuing discussion and controversy over the Price-Anderson Act which requires operators of nuclear plants to waive certain defenses and which limits the combined liability of the operator and the government to an amount less than the maximum potential public cost of a major nuclear reactor accident. A variety of technological events could result in assignable liabilities up to $25 billion, or more, depending on the value of life. These postulated events include: (1) the crash of a large aircraft into a crowded sports facility (an estimated $20.3 billion liability); (2) an explosion and subsequent dispersion of a chemical (such as chlorine or LNG) into a population center from a large manufacturing, storage, or transport facility (estimated $25.5 billion liability); (3) a massive nuclear power plant accident and the subsequent dispersal of large quantities of radioactive material to a large downwind population center ($25 billion liability); (4) the collision of two ships, such as a large LNG tanker and a large passenger liner, resulting in the deaths of all passengers on board ($5.5 billion liability); and (5) collapse of a large building in an earthquake, known by the owners to be seismically deficient and no steps having been taken to warn occupants or to remedy the situation (major deficiencies). All these events are found to involve potential liability far exceeding the available resources, whether they be insurance, corporation assets, or government revenues
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Anon; p. IV.7.1-IV.7.14; 1978; p. IV.7.1-IV.7.14; American Nuclear Society, Inc; La Grange Park, IL; Probabilistic analysis of nuclear reactor safety; Los Angeles, CA, USA; 8 - 10 May 1978
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Book
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Conference
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AbstractAbstract
[en] The problems of the legal use of the results of dosimetry, for the solution of an action for instance, are considered first with respect to civil and occasionally administrative third part liability law making a distinction between common law and the special regime of civil liability for nuclear damage, secondly with respect to social security law
[fr]
On a examine dans quelle mesure les resultats de la dosimetrie, peuvent etre utilises en droit par exemple, pour la solution d'un litige. Le probleme est d'abord traite sous l'angle du droit civil, et occasionnellement administratif de la responsabilite, en distinguant le droit commun et le droit special de la responsabilite nucleaire, puis sur le terrain du droit de la securite socialeOriginal Title
Usage juridique des resultats dosimetriques
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Source
Cayet-Pennaneac'h, O. (ed.); Societe Francaise de Radioprotection, 92 - Montrouge; p. 361-375; 1976; Societe Francaise de Radioprotection; Montrouge; 2. Seminar on radiobiology; Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; 29 Apr 1975
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Book
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Conference
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AbstractAbstract
[en] Survey of the coming into being and the present state of the 'pool', a risk joint company, organized on a national level, of all insurance enterprises offering financial security on a proportional basis (DKVG = Deutsche Kernreaktor-Versicherungsgemeinschaft (German nuclear reactor cooperative insurance company)), and of cooperation with insurance pools of other western countries. (HP)
[de]
Ueberblick ueber Entstehung und Stand des 'Pools', der auf nationaler Ebene organisierten Risikogemeinschaft aller zur Deckung bereiten Versicherungsunternehmen auf Anteilsbasis (DKVG = Deutsche Kernreaktor-Versicherungsgemeinschaft) sowie ueber die Zusammenarbeit mit Versicherungspools anderer westlicher Laender. (HP)Original Title
20 Jahre Deutsche Kernreaktor-Versicherungsgemeinschaft
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Journal Article
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Versicherungswirtschaft; v. 32(10); p. 648-651
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[en] Following ratification by the F.R. of Germany of the Paris Convention and Brussels Supplementary Convention and subsequent amendment of the Atomic Energy Act, the Federal Government also amended the Nuclear Financial Security Ordinance. This new Ordinance came into force on 1 March 1977 and cancelled the previous Ordinance of 10 November 1970. It deals with the type and extent of financial security, and contains provisions concerning the amount of financial security with respect to different activities. In particular, it takes account of the increase of the maximum amount of the operator's liability to DM 1,000 million, DM 500 million of which must be covered by financial security. For handling and transport, coverage is determined according to the licensed type, mass activity of the radioactive substances according to two technical Annexes to the Ordinance. The same applies to installations for production, processing or treatment of nuclear fuel. Finally, the licensing authority may increase or reduce the coverage where the standard coverage is inappropriate for the particular case concerned. (N.E.A.)
[fr]
La R.F. d'Allemagne a ratifie la Convention de Paris et la Convention Complementaire de Bruxelles et modifie en consequence la Loi sur l'energie atomique. Le gouvernement federal a donc ete amene a reviser le Decret sur la garantie financiere. Ce nouveau Decret est entre en vigueur le 1er mars 1977 et a abroge le Decret precedent en date du 10 novembre 1970. Il traite du type et de la portee de la garantie financiere et contient des dispositions relatives au montant de la garantie financiere selon les diverses activites en cause. Il est tenu compte en particulier de l'elevation du montant maximum de la responsabilite de l'exploitant a un milliard de DM, somme sur laquelle 500 millions de DM doivent etre couverts par la garantie financiere. Dans les cas de manipulation et de transport, la couverture est fixee en fonction du type, de la masse, de l'activite des substances radioactives faisant l'objet de l'autorisation, conformement aux deux Annexes techniques du Decret. Il en est de meme pour les installations destinees a la production, a la fabrication et au traitement des combustibles nucleaires. Enfin, l'autorite competente en matiere d'autorisation peut augmenter ou diminuer la couverture financiere lorsque la couverture type n'est pas appropriee dans un cas particulierPrimary Subject
Source
Translation of the Nuclear Financial Security Ordinance published in the Bundesgesetzblatt of 3 February 1977, p. 220.
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Journal Article
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Legislative Material
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Nuclear Law Bulletin. Supplement; (no.18); p. 24-34
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[en] This Decree by the Minister of Industry, Commerce and Crafts, in consultation with the Minister of Transport, approves the model certificate of financial security for the transport of nuclear materials. This type of certificate issued by nuclear insurers is intended to provide detailed information on the nature of the financial security for damage likely to be caused by the materials in the course of transport; it is required to supply the certificate according to the Paris Convention on Third Party Liability in the Field of Nuclear Energy, ratified by Italy in 1975. The standardised presentation of this certificate enables it to be used in international transport between countries parties to the Paris Convention as proof of the existence of the financial security. (N.E.A.)
Original Title
Decreto Ministeriale 16 febbraio 1976; approvazione del modello di certificato di garanzia finanziaria per il trasporto di materie nucleari
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Journal Article
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Legislative Material
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Gazz. Uff. Repub. Ital; (no.77); p. 2197-2200
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[en] The Price-Anderson Act is viewed as meeting public needs in a unique and responsible way, reflecting the far-sightedness of those involved in the early development of nuclear power who saw the importance of building safety into each step of the program. An extension of the Act is advised as a first step in recognizing that many potential and real disasters (e.g., dam breaks, floods, etc.) are man-made rather than ''Acts of God''. Rather than abolish the Price-Anderson Act because it is unique, the case is made for extending it to cover these other situations. Provisions of the Act are examined in terms of the role of negligence in nuclear accidents, and the conclusion is reached that public concern for reactor safety should not be affected. Limited assets on the part of insurers and insurance pools have made government involvement important but not a real subsidy because of high premiums. Premiums in the new amendment are paid retroactively when there is an accident, which relieves the problem of anticipating what premiums may be needed in the future. This limits government liability and, combined with the waiver of defenses against liability, offers better protection for the public. Recommendations for allowing tort law to operate above the $560 million Price-Anderson limits are criticized, and a counter proposal is made for reassessing the figure at an appropriate limit and extending insurance to competitive industries
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Journal Article
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Forum (Chicago); v. 12(2); p. 612-621
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[en] The German Federal Ministry of the Interior has plans to reform nuclear liability law. The main point of these reforms is the complete abolition of an upper limit of liability; the coverage provisions by operators of nuclear power plants are to be raised to DM 1 billion and to be followed by unlimited liability of the government for which, however, the operator would have to pay: In a paper presented at the 6th German Atomic Energy Law Symposium at Muenster these concepts leading to the creation of liability law not yet achieved in any other country in the world were termed 'normalization' by members of the Ministry, for the present procedures reflected the social system of the Federal Republic of Germany. (orig.) 891 HP/orig. 892 MB
[de]
Darstellung der Plaene fuer eine als Normalisierung bezeichnete Reform der atomrechtlichen Haftung. Hauptpunkt ist die Aufhebung der Haftungshoechstgrenze, wobei sich an eine auf 1 Mrd. DM erhoehte Deckungsvorsorge ein unbegrenzter Staatseintritt anschliessen soll, jedoch fuer den Kernkraftwerksbetreiber nicht kostenlos sein sollte. (orig.)Original Title
Normalisierung von Haftung und Deckungsvorsorgen fuer kerntechnische Anlagen
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Source
6. german symposium on nuclear law; Muenster, Germany, F.R; 8 - 9 Oct 1979; Short version of a paper.
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Journal Article
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Conference
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Atw. Atomwirtschaft, Atomtechnik; ISSN 0365-8414;
; v. 25(1); p. 28-30

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[en] Every 10 years Congress reviews, amends, and extends the Price-Anderson Act of 1957, which was designed to encourage the new nuclear industry by guaranteeing insurance beyond the level provided by private insurers. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission is recommending five congressional actions for the 1987 extension: reauthorization, replacement of the absolute insurance limitation with an annual limitation of liability, raising the retrospective premium per reactor per incident from $5 million to $10 million, raising the statute of limitations on claims for 20 to 30 years, and retaining current language dealing with extraordinary events. Two bills, H.R. 421 and H.R. 3277, were introduced with provisions that broaden the opportunity for victims compensation and eliminate the subsidy aspect. Hearings began in July, with reactions from the National Taxpayers Union and Nuclear insurance underwriters in conflict over the limitations on liability. DOE and DOE contractors urge continuation of the Price-Anderson limitation
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Public Utilities Fortnightly; ISSN 0033-3808;
; v. 114(1); p. 37-39

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AbstractAbstract
No abstract available
Original Title
Internationales Nuklearhaftungsrecht auf dem Pruefstand
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Published in summary form only.; CODEN: AWAKA.
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Journal Article
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Atw. Atomwirtschaft, Atomtechnik; ISSN 0365-8414;
; v. 29(12); p. 661-662

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