[en] The purpose of the research: Development of methods for the remediation of artificial polluted soils and the improvement of polluted lands to ecologically clean agricultural production.The following tasks will be implemented in this project to achieve viable practical solutions: - To determine the priority pollutants, their ecological pathways, and sources of origin. - To form a supervised environmental monitoring data bank throughout the various geo system conditions. - To evaluate the degree of the bio geo system pollution and the influence on the health of the local human populations. - To establish agricultural plant tolerance levels to the priority pollutants. - To calculate the standard concentrations of the priority pollutants for main agricultural plant groups. - To develop a soil remediation methodology incorporating the structural, functional geo system features. - To establish a territory zone division methodology in consideration of the degree of component pollution, plant tolerance to pollutants, plant production conditions, and human health. - Scientific grounding of the soil remediation proposals and agricultural plant material introductions with soil pollution levels and relative plant tolerances to pollutants. Technological Means, Methods, and Approaches Final proposed solutions will be based upon geo system and ecosystem approaches and methodologies. The complex ecological valuation methods of the polluted territories will be used in this investigation. Also, laboratory culture in vitro, application work, and multi-factor field experiments will be conducted. The results will be statistically analyzed using appropriate methods. Expected Results Complex biogeochemical artificial province assessment according to primary pollutant concentrations. Development of agricultural plant tolerance levels relative to the priority pollutants. Assessment of newly introduced plant materials that may possess variable levels of pollution tolerance. Remediation technologies for polluted soils based on the principles of antagonism and synergism. Division zone methodology for polluted territories. Soil remediation methodologies to facilitate agricultural plant introductions and successful plant production in improved agricultural lands

[en] Supporting material for the plan includes: QUALITY ASSURANCE, ANALYSIS, AND SAMPLING PLAN FOR NTS AIR; QUALITY ASSURANCE, ANALYSIS, AND SAMPLING PLAN FOR WATER ON AND OFF THE NEVADA TEST SITE; QUALITY ASSURANCE, ANALYSIS, AND SAMPLING PLAN FOR NTS BIOTA; QUALITY ASSURANCE, ANALYSIS, AND SAMPLING PLAN FOR DIRECT RADIATION MONITORING; DATA QUALITY OBJECTIVES PROCESS; VADOSE ZONE MONITORING PLAN CHECKLIST

[en] The integrated system that embraces forest management, forest products, and land-use change impacts the global carbon cycle - and hence the net emission of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide - in four fundamental ways. Carbon is stored in living and dead biomass, carbon is stored in wood products and landfills, forest products substitute in the market place for products made from other materials, and forest harvests can be used wholly or partially to displace fossil fuels in the energy sector. Implementation of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change would result in the creation of international markets for carbon dioxide emissions credits, but the current Kyoto text does not treat all carbon identically. We have developed a carbon accounting model, GORCAM, to examine a variety of scenarios for land management and the production of forest products. In this paper we explore, for two simple scenarios of forest management, the carbon flows that occur and how these might be accounted for under the Kyoto text. The Kyoto protocol raises questions about what activities can result in emissions credits, which carbon reservoirs will be counted, who will receive the credits, and how much credit will be available? The Kyoto Protocol would sometimes give credits for carbon sequestered, but it would always give credits when fossil-fuel carbon dioxide emissions are displaced

[en] Environmental medicine examines the effects of pollutants on humans. It employs different scientific tools for this purpose: Toxicology, epidemiology and statistics. (orig./DG)

[en] The manual of technical environment protection gives a systematic synapsis of the legal requirements placed on the construction and operation of environmentally relevant installations in pursuit of preventing dangers and ensuring public safety. The bothersome task of searching through the pertinent textbooks and legal regulations thus largely becomes superfluous. The manual serves as a reference book for operators of installations (craftsman's businesses and industrial enterprises), chambers of handicrafts, authorizing authorities (district administrations, industrial inspection boards, incorporated cities etc.), engineering and planning offices, schools and other institutions teaching environment protection, and environmental associations. Besides discourses on building regulations, emission monitoring, plant safety, residue monitoring, and water and soil protection the book also contains a collection of frequently needed data and information, describes requirements placed on industrial plants, and gives explanations, decision-making aids, and calculation examples for putting environment protection into practice. (orig.)

[en] This report summarizes the 1991 ecological research activities (ecosystems research, urban ecology, tropical ecology, forest decline, ecology of soils and waters, ecotoxicology, environmental pollution and health, protection of biotopes and protection of the species) which the project sponsors 'biology, energy, ecology' (Forschungszentrum Juelich) and 'environmental research and climatological research' (GSF-Forschungszentrum fuer Umwelt und Gesundheit) have been supervising on behalf of the Federal Ministry for Research and Technology to promote the subproject 'environmental research'. A general survey introduces the promoted projects, and standardized data sheets briefly introduce the individual activities. The appendix gives the project indices, the indices of joint projects, and a list of the supported companies and institutions. (BBR)

[en] The present paper discusses the good and the bad sides of manure fermentation. The abatement of methane emissions can be counted as an ecological asset as it has a favourable influence on the greenhouse effect. The loss of nitrogen during the anaerobic process must be considered a drawback. Intense fermenting activity and elevated temperatures lead to a considerable nitrogen output. (EF)

[en] This volume is a collection of technical papers submitted for presentation at the International Symposium on Energy, Environment, and Information Management, jointly sponsored by Argonne National Laboratory and the National Science Council of the Republic of China (ROC), and held at Argonne National Laboratory Chicago, Illinois on September 15--18, 1992. It consists of over 70 technical papers representing about 150 authors from ROC, United States, and Canada. This volume is divided into nine sections: Overviews of Science and Technology Development; Energy Technologies and Systems; Energy Strategies and Policy Analyses; Global Warming and Air Quality Management; Pollution Prevention and Waste Management; Pollution Control Technologies and Assessments; Nuclear Technologies and Radwaste Management; Software Engineering and Database Management; and Applications in Information Management. Individual reports are processed separately on the databases

[en] Now that the 'iron certain' has fallen and Communism has broken down, full light is shed on the situation in East European countries and one aspect of the truth to learn is that nature, too, has fallen to pieces in these countries formerly governed by the 'evil'. Hardly a spot between Warsaw and Wladiwostok that has not been hit by the combat against nature and the heritage of destruction is ubiquitons, threatening the future of various ethnical groups, for example, in the northern part of the former USSR, affected by incredible radioactivity levels and the impacts of ruthless natural oil production or deforestation of large parts of Taiga in Sibiria. (orig.)

[en] The project is concerned with the description of the methods and techniques used in waste management as regards their environmental aspects. Methods dealt with are the collection, sorting and conditioning of secondary raw materials, the collection, thermal treatment and deposition of wastes, and the composting of organic waste and horticultural wastes. The investigation covers the sectors municipal waste, bulky refuse, and non-toxic trade waste. In the area of secondary raw materials, paper/cardboard/millboard, glass, metals (aluminium, tin plate), plastics and composites are materials to be considered separately. Concerning the subject of ''waste avoidance/waste minimization'', the work investigates returnable systems in cooperation with several dairies and establishes recycling figures for the one-litre, glass milk bottle. With reference to three examples (starch, ''biopol'' and transparent foil, for instance ''cellophane''), the use of renewable raw materials as a packaging material is investigated. Finally, an overview is given on methods for recycling of residues used in the EC, the USA and Japan. (orig.)