[en] A radiation sensitive resist material for photolithography in the manufacture of microelectronic devices. The material comprises a polymerisation product of a substituted styrene in which at least twenty mole percent is a substituted styrene containing a substituent in the ortho-position. The presence of the ortho-substituent gives improved properties such as contrast and resistance to solvent-induced swelling so that an accurate resist pattern can be formed. Preferred monomers include 2:5 dimethylstyrene, 2, 4, 6 trimethylstyrene. Chloromethylstyrenes are also specified. (author)

[en] Neutron induced particle track mapping can be used to detect, quantitate and map distributions of B, Li, U and N in a wide variety of samples. Detection limits for this study are better than 1x10^-11 g/g for U, 1x10^-9 g/g for B, 1x10^-6 g/g for Li and 0.1 wt% for N. Spatial resolution for mapping is about 25 μm. NBS steels of known B content can be used as N standards for B in many similar alloys, N-containing polymers can be used as N standards for some applications. Alpha particle tracks from rare isotopes of 0 and S might have some specialized applications as tracers. (author) 5 refs.; 10 figs.; 1 tab

[en] Published in summary form only

[en] The safe, successful industrial use of electron processing has depended upon selfshielded product handling designs which provide both efficient inerting control and system maintenance as well as fail-safe radiation shielding. The industry is now entering the period of development in which product handling designs specific to the application are required for expanded industrial use, some of which demand precise parametric control such as product temperature, pressure, tension, etc. Selfshielded product handling designs are reviewed for filamentary, sheet and web product geometries, with some details of the processing parameters achievable in their application. (author)

[en] On the basis of the effects of polymer structure on the crosslinking or scission probability and crosslinking process, the effects of polymer structure on the relationship between sol fraction and radiation dose are discussed in this paper. (author)

[en] Recent developments in electron accelerator technology may allow the role of high-energy machines to expand. Implementation of appropriate dosimetry and quality control methods for non-homogeneous materials is an important part of the expansion of this technology. To implement such methods and provide electron dosimetry for an applications development program, we recently conducted several dosimetry experiments. Our 10-MeV prototype electron accelerator as well as the accelerator at the National Research Council of Canada were used for these experiments. Polystyrene and graphite phantoms were constructed to measure the dose profile with depth. This yielded the extrapolated range and hence the most probable energy of the electrons in the beam. A polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) sandwich-type range finder was also designed and used to directly measure the range and therefore the electron energy. Some of the range-finder results indicated that the charge buildup in the non- conducting PMMA affected the dose distribution. The measured energy values agreed very well with the beam energy values calculated from the analyzing magnet current of the accelerator. Also, responses of a graphite calorimeter as well as of various dosimeters compared fairly well in an electron field. The interface effects near the surface of homogeneous products were studied by analyzing the transmitted dose measured by the red acrylic continuous dosimeter placed under the products. The same technique was also used to examine the nature of inhomogeneity of various food products. We found this dosimeter extremely convenient and useful for measuring dose distribution in a plane. A Monte Carlo computer code was used to compute the depth-dose distributions in various materials and to compute the dose distribution near the interface of acrylic and air. These results were then compared against the measured distributions. (author)

[en] Dosimeter constructions for ionizing radiation have been investigated by many research groups worldwide. Each of the dosimeters in use commercially have been reported on from a scientific basis. This paper will discuss the comparison of several types of dosimeters as used under actual manufacturing conditions. Differences in reproducibility, sensitivity to process conditions, and application to the needs of manufacturing are presented. (author)

[en] Published in summary form only

[en] Published in summary form only

[en] Acrylonitrile graft natural rubber was prepared by initiating the polymerization of acrylonitrile in natural rubber field latex using γ-rays. The reaction was carried out at different rubber-monomer concentrations and the properties of the modified rubbers were compared with those of natural rubber and nitrile rubber. (author)