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McDonell, W.R.; Newman, J.L.
Westinghouse Savannah River Co., Aiken, SC (United States). Funding organisation: USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)1992
Westinghouse Savannah River Co., Aiken, SC (United States). Funding organisation: USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)1992
AbstractAbstract
[en] To ensure the adequacy of available facilities, the disposition of the several waste types generated in support of a heavy-water NPR operation at the Savannah River Site were projected through waste- treatment and disposal facilities after the year 2000. Volumes of high-level, low-level radioactive, TRU, hazardous, mixed and non-radioactive waste were predicted for early assessments of environmental impacts and to provide a baseline for future waste-minimization initiatives. Life-cycle unit costs for disposal of the waste, adjusted to reflect waste management capabilities in the NPR operating time frame, were developed to evaluate the economic effectiveness of waste-minimization activities in the NPR program
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1992; 13 p; Waste management '93; Tucson, AZ (United States); 28 Feb - 4 Mar 1993; CONF-930205--10; CONTRACT AC09-89SR18035; OSTI as DE93007447; NTIS; INIS; US Govt. Printing Office Dep
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AbstractAbstract
[en] HM Inspectorate of Pollution commissioned, with authorising responsibilities in England and Wales, a study into the discharges of radioactive effluents from Nuclear Power Stations. The study considered arisings from nuclear power stations in Europe and the USA and the technologies to treat and control the radioactive discharges. This report contains details of the technologies used at many nuclear power stations to treat and control radioactive discharges and gives, where information was available, details of discharges and authorised discharge limits. (author)
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Feb 1991; 255 p; CONTRACT PECD-7/9/465
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Report
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ASIA, DEPOSITION, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, ELECTROLYSIS, LATIN AMERICA, MANAGEMENT, MATERIALS, NORTH AMERICA, NUCLEAR FACILITIES, POWER PLANTS, RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS, RADIOACTIVE WASTES, SEPARATION PROCESSES, SOUTH AMERICA, SURFACE COATING, THERMAL POWER PLANTS, WASTE MANAGEMENT, WASTE PROCESSING, WASTES
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Chabanyuk, V.S.; Proskura, N.I.; Tabachny, L.Ya.
One decade after Chernobyl: Summing up the consequences of the accident. Poster presentations1997
One decade after Chernobyl: Summing up the consequences of the accident. Poster presentations1997
AbstractAbstract
[en] 10-years period of Information Systems in the Chernobyl Accident after-effects elimination (these systems we name Chernobyl Information Systems (ChIS) for simplicity of reference) creation is analyzed. It is claimed that ChIS are introducing into the maturity phase now. The paper consists of Introduction, four paragraphs and Conclusion. Short history of ChIS creation on the example of radioecological component is described in Introduction. Two phases: youth and maturity, are identified. The youth phase is divided on three periods: 1986-1988, 1988-1992, 1993-1995. The maturity phase has started in 1994 with accepting of new Conception of ChIS implementation. Main characteristics of each phase and period are described
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European Commission (CEC), Brussels (Belgium); International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria); World Health Organization, Geneva (Switzerland); 699 p; ISSN 1011-4289;
; Sep 1997; p. 312-313; International conference on one decade after Chernobyl: Summing up the consequences of the accident; Vienna (Austria); 8-12 Apr 1996

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AbstractAbstract
[en] Field studies of fallout from Chernobyl were conducted at the level of individual ecosystems and watersheds. Simulations are in progress to develop methods for rehabilitating the environment and for reducing activity levels in contaminated food products. Specific examples are described and commented on. 3 figs., 8 refs
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Ustav Radioekologie a Vyuzitia Jadrovej Techniky, Kosice (Czechoslovakia); 262 p; 1990; p. 59-76; Conference on radioecology; High Tatras (Czechoslovakia); 11-15 Dec 1989
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Miscellaneous
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Conference
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ACCIDENTS, BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, CESIUM ISOTOPES, ECOLOGY, ENRICHED URANIUM REACTORS, ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT, GRAPHITE MODERATED REACTORS, INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI, ISOTOPES, LWGR TYPE REACTORS, MASS TRANSFER, NUCLEI, ODD-EVEN NUCLEI, POWER REACTORS, RADIOISOTOPES, REACTORS, THERMAL REACTORS, WATER COOLED REACTORS, YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
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AbstractAbstract
[en] In this paper a dosimeter is proposed for the purpose of detecting noble gas releases (principally Xe-133) from nuclear power plants. The dosimeter consists of two Li2B4O7:Cu (LiBO) elements and one CaSO4:Tm (CaSO) element. One LiBO element is enclosed only in plastic and is used to determine shallow dose, while the LiBO and CaSO pair, which are used to determine deep dose, are enclosed in a 1070 mg/cm2 aluminum sphere and plastic. The dosimeter is designed to overcome the three major problems involved in monitoring for Xe-133: the effect of angular response, differences in irradiation geometry (overhead plume vs. submersion), and interference from naturally occurring high-energy gamma rays. Laboratory test data are presented to demonstrate the proposed dosimeter's response characteristics
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Journal Article
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Petkov, T.; Badulin, V.; Zlatanova, R.; Shopov, N.
Radiation environment in Bulgaria after the Chernobyl accident1990
Radiation environment in Bulgaria after the Chernobyl accident1990
AbstractAbstract
[en] Results are reported from radiation monitoring of one point in the area of the Institute of Radiology and Radiation Hygiene, Sofia, carried out by multiple daily aspiration of atmospheric air for the period 2-10 May 1986. The measurement of the first filter exposed on 2 May has shown the presence of fission products with halflife from several hours to years. The radionuclide mixture, having integral specific activity 107 Bq/m3, includes: 99Mo, 103Ru, 132Te, 131I, 132I, 134Cs, 137Cs, 140Ba, 140La, 141Ce. The highest concentrations are established for radionuclides with comparatively short halflife - 132Te, 131I and 132I; these three radionuclides represent above 60% of the integral specific activity. The radioactive contamination reached absolute maximal values on the next day at about 12 o'clock, followed by fast decrease until the end of the day and during the next days. A new short increase of the contamination is registered at 6 May connected with the changes in the synoptic situation. At the end of 10-days period the contamination is caused mainly by the isotopes of Ru, I and Cs. The integral activity droped to 0.4 Bq/m3. 1 tab., 1 fig., 2 refs
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Meditsinska Akademiya, Sofia (Bulgaria). Nauchen Inst. po Rentgenologiya i Radiobiologiya; 115 p; 1990; p. 2-5; Scientific-practical conference of the Institute for Nuclear Medicine, Radiobiology and Radiation Hygiene; Vidin (Bulgaria); 21-23 Sep 1989; Collection of scientific papers.
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Miscellaneous
Literature Type
Conference; Numerical Data
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ANTIMONY 125, BARIUM 137, BARIUM 140, BULGARIA, CERIUM 141, CERIUM 144, CESIUM 132, CESIUM 134, CESIUM 136, CESIUM 137, CHERNOBYLSK-4 REACTOR, COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS, EXPERIMENTAL DATA, GAMMA SPECTROSCOPY, INTERNAL CONVERSION RADIOISOTO, IODINE 131, IODINE 132, LANTHANUM 140, MOLYBDENUM 99, NEPTUNIUM 232, NIOBIUM 95, RADIATION ACCIDENTS, RADIATION MONITORING, RADIOACTIVE CLOUDS, RADIOACTIVITY, RADIOECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION, RHODIUM 106, RUTHENIUM 103, RUTHENIUM 106, SURFACE AIR, TELLURIUM 132, TRANSFRONTIER CONTAMINATION, ZIRCONIUM 95
ACCIDENTS, ACTINIDE NUCLEI, AIR, ANTIMONY ISOTOPES, BARIUM ISOTOPES, BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-PLUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, CERIUM ISOTOPES, CESIUM ISOTOPES, CLOUDS, CONTAMINATION, DATA, DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION, ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES, ENRICHED URANIUM REACTORS, EUROPE, EVALUATION, EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI, EVEN-ODD NUCLEI, FLUIDS, GASES, GRAPHITE MODERATED REACTORS, HEAVY NUCLEI, HOURS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, INFORMATION, INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI, IODINE ISOTOPES, ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES, ISOTOPES, LANTHANUM ISOTOPES, LWGR TYPE REACTORS, MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, MOLYBDENUM ISOTOPES, MONITORING, NEPTUNIUM ISOTOPES, NIOBIUM ISOTOPES, NUCLEI, NUMERICAL DATA, ODD-EVEN NUCLEI, ODD-ODD NUCLEI, POWER REACTORS, RADIOISOTOPES, RARE EARTH NUCLEI, REACTORS, RHODIUM ISOTOPES, RUTHENIUM ISOTOPES, SECONDS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, SPECTROSCOPY, STABLE ISOTOPES, TELLURIUM ISOTOPES, THERMAL REACTORS, WATER COOLED REACTORS, YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, ZIRCONIUM ISOTOPES
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Zlatanova, R.; Novakova, E.; Petkov, T.; Badulin, V.; Shopov, N.
Radiation environment in Bulgaria after the Chernobyl accident1990
Radiation environment in Bulgaria after the Chernobyl accident1990
AbstractAbstract
[en] The investigation is carried out according to the following scheme: collecting of atmospheric fallout (dry and wet components); preliminary processing of collected samples; gamma-spectroscopic and radiochemical analysis for qualitative and quantitative determination of the radionuclides of technogenic origin. Isotopes of volatile elements in very great amounts are registered in atmospheric fallout for the period 30 April - 2 May 1986: 103Ru - 180±5 Bq/m3; 132Te - 920±20 Bq/m3; 131I - 780±50 Bq/m3; 132I -890±50 Bq/m3. The analysis of fallouts for the period 2-9 May show the presence of 23 radionuclides and the integral activity of deposited radionuclides reaches 12.3 kBq/m3. The most substantial is the contribution of 103Ru (above 20%), 129mTe and 132Te (10% each) and 132I (about 7%). The rest of isotopes has about 4% each: 95Zr, 95Nb, 106Ru, 106Rh, 137Cs, 140Ba, 106Ru,140La, 141Ce, 144Ce. In the next periods a substantial decrease of deposited activity was observed - down to 35 Bq/m3 daily at the end of May. The integral activity of the whole period of active transfer (30 April - 2 May 1986) is 14.2 kBq/m2. For the biologically valuable radionuclides it is estimated up to 35 Bq/m2 for 89Sr and 90Sr, 470 Bq/m2 for 134Cs, 1030 Bq/m2 for 137Cs and 2 Bq/m2 for Ru-isotopes. 1 fig., 2 refs
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Meditsinska Akademiya, Sofia (Bulgaria). Nauchen Inst. po Rentgenologiya i Radiobiologiya; 115 p; 1990; p. 6-9; Scientific-practical conference of the Institute for Nuclear Medicine, Radiobiology and Radiation Hygiene; Vidin (Bulgaria); 21-23 Sep 1989; Collection of scientific papers.
Record Type
Miscellaneous
Literature Type
Conference; Numerical Data
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Country of publication
BARIUM 140, BULGARIA, CERIUM 141, CERIUM 144, CESIUM 134, CESIUM 136, CESIUM 137, CHERNOBYLSK-4 REACTOR, COMPUTER CALCULATIONS, EXPERIMENTAL DATA, FALLOUT DEPOSITS, GAMMA SPECTROSCOPY, INTERNAL CONVERSION RADIOISOTO, LANTHANUM 140, MOLYBDENUM 99, NEPTUNIUM 239, NIOBIUM 95, QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, RADIATION ACCIDENTS, RADIOACTIVITY, RUTHENIUM 103, ZIRCONIUM 95
ACCIDENTS, ACTINIDE NUCLEI, BARIUM ISOTOPES, BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, CERIUM ISOTOPES, CESIUM ISOTOPES, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, DATA, DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES, ENRICHED URANIUM REACTORS, EUROPE, EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI, EVEN-ODD NUCLEI, FALLOUT, GRAPHITE MODERATED REACTORS, HEAVY NUCLEI, HOURS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, INFORMATION, INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI, ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES, ISOTOPES, LANTHANUM ISOTOPES, LWGR TYPE REACTORS, MOLYBDENUM ISOTOPES, NEPTUNIUM ISOTOPES, NIOBIUM ISOTOPES, NUCLEI, NUMERICAL DATA, ODD-EVEN NUCLEI, ODD-ODD NUCLEI, POWER REACTORS, RADIOISOTOPES, RARE EARTH NUCLEI, REACTORS, RUTHENIUM ISOTOPES, SECONDS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, SPECTROSCOPY, THERMAL REACTORS, WATER COOLED REACTORS, YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, ZIRCONIUM ISOTOPES
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AbstractAbstract
[en] The environmental behavior of Chernobyl-derived radionuclides in Kyushu Island was investigated for one month after the accident. The radioactivity level in airborne dusts was two orders of magnitude lower than that observed in Western Europe. The distribution of 131I in airborne dusts shifted to a larger particle size compared with other radionuclides. The radionuclide concentration in seaweeds varied depending on the geographical situation where the sampling was done. The biological half-lives in red algae were calculated to be 17.4 d and 32.9 d for 131I and 103Ru, respectively. The concentration factors in red algae were estimated to be 3 x 103 and 5 x 103 for 131I and 103Ru, respectively. The cooking effect of 131I in seaweeds and the committed effective dose equivalent through ingestion of seaweed were also evaluated. (author)
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Journal Article
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ACCIDENTS, AQUATIC ORGANISMS, ASIA, BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION, ENRICHED URANIUM REACTORS, EVEN-ODD NUCLEI, GRAPHITE MODERATED REACTORS, INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI, IODINE ISOTOPES, ISOTOPES, LWGR TYPE REACTORS, MONITORING, NUCLEI, ODD-EVEN NUCLEI, PLANTS, POWER REACTORS, RADIOISOTOPES, REACTORS, RUTHENIUM ISOTOPES, SIZE, THERMAL REACTORS, WATER COOLED REACTORS
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Becker, D.E.; Guglhoer, P.; Wuensch, K.D.
Bundesministerium fuer Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit, Bonn (Germany); Technischer Ueberwachungs-Verein Bayern e.V., Muenchen (Germany)1991
Bundesministerium fuer Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit, Bonn (Germany); Technischer Ueberwachungs-Verein Bayern e.V., Muenchen (Germany)1991
AbstractAbstract
[en] The report describes power plants in the USA, Sweden, Switzerland, France and Belgium. Furthermore emission control during the venting of the containment in Sweden, France and Belgium has been treated. Some manufacturers of emission control measuring instruments in the above-mentioned countries were visited and their instrumentation is described. Further radiation control instruments provided for the case of incidents and accidents are described briefly. One chapter deals with the emission control during the venting of the containment of nuclear power plants in the Federal Republic of Germany. Reportes is the recent developments of measuring equipment for emission control instrumentation in the Federal Republic of Germany. The conclusion contains recommendations on emission control of gaseous effluents during incidents and accidents, including the venting of the containment. (orig.)
[de]
Die Anforderungen und die technische Ausfuehrung an die Emissionsueberwachung bei Stoerfaellen und Unfaellen in auslaendischen Kernkraftwerken werden detailliert beschrieben. (USA, Schweden, Schweiz, Frankreich und Belgien). Fuer Schweden, Frankreich und Belgien wird auch das System zur Emissionsueberwachung bei der Druckentlastung des Sicherheitsbehaelters (Venting) behandelt. Zusaetzlich wurden in den genannten Laendern auch Hersteller von Strahlenmessgeraeten besucht; deren Messgeraete fuer die Emissionsueberwachung werden beschrieben. Weitere erwaehnenswerte Messgeraete fuer Stoerfaelle und Unfaelle werden kurz dargestellt. Die Strahlungs- und Aktivitaetsueberwachung bei der Druckentlastung des Sicherheitsbehaelters in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland wird beschrieben, die Aufgabenstellung dargelegt und die vorgesehene Systeme bewertet. Ueber die neuere Geraete-Entwicklung in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland auf dem Gebiet der Emissionsueberwachung wird berichtet. Zusammenfassend werden Empfehlungen zur Emissionsueberwachung bei Stoerfaellen und Unfaellen sowie zur Ueberwachung der Druckentlastung des Sicherheitsbehaelters gegeben. (orig.)Original Title
Ueberwachung der Abgabe radioaktiver Stoffe ueber den Fortluftkamin bei Stoerfaellen und Unfaellen in auslaendischen Kernkraftwerken
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Schriftenreihe Reaktorsicherheit und Strahlenschutz; 1991; 116 p; CONTRACT BMU ST.SCH. 1082; Available from FIZ Karlsruhe
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Report
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Adams, J.P.; Carboneau, M.L.
The safety, status and future of non-commercial reactors and irradiation facilities1990
The safety, status and future of non-commercial reactors and irradiation facilities1990
AbstractAbstract
[en] This paper analyzes the fission product behavior during a postulated loss-of-power-induced loss-of-flow accident in the Advanced Test Reactor. This included analysis of the fission product inventory in the fuel prior to accident initiation, release of the fission products from the fuel into the reactor vessel during core melt, the probable chemical forms, and transport of the fission products from the core through the reactor vessel and existing piping to the open confinement. In addition to a best-estimate analysis of fission product behavior, a series of analyses was performed to determine the sensitivity of fission product release to a number of parameters, including steam flow rate, aluminum (structural) oxidation, and initial aerosol size
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Anon; 830 p; 1990; p. 65-73; American Nuclear Society; La Grange Park, IL (United States); American Nuclear Society (ANS) topical meeting on the safety, status and future of non-commercial reactors and irradiation facilities; Boise, ID (United States); 30 Sep - 4 Oct 1990; CONF-900917--; American Nuclear Society, 555 North Kensington Ave., La Grange Park, IL 60525 (USA)
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Book
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Conference
Country of publication
ACCIDENTS, AEROSOLS, COLLOIDS, DISPERSIONS, ENERGY SOURCES, ENRICHED URANIUM REACTORS, FUELS, IRRADIATION REACTORS, MATERIALS, MATERIALS TESTING REACTORS, REACTOR ACCIDENTS, REACTOR COMPONENTS, REACTOR MATERIALS, REACTORS, RESEARCH AND TEST REACTORS, SOLS, TANK TYPE REACTORS, TEST FACILITIES, TEST REACTORS, THERMAL REACTORS, WATER COOLED REACTORS, WATER MODERATED REACTORS
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