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AbstractAbstract
[en] Considerable guidance is available to managers of an irradiator plant on ways and means to produce safe, wholesome, quality irradiated foods. The foundation for good manufacturing practices (GMPs), which apply to all food processes, is the Codex General Principles of Food Hygiene. These principles provide good common sense procedures in the handling of food for human consumption in order to ensure safe, wholesome quality products. The GMPs cover the growing, harvesting, preparation, processing, packaging, storage, transport, distribution and sale of food. They provide good check lists for safety and quality. More detailed guidelines specifically aimed at food irradiation are found in the Codex Code of Practice for the Operation of Irradiation Facilities and in the Codes of Good Irradiation Practice (GIPs) developed by the International Consultative Group on Food Irradiation. GIPs are available for eight commodity groups. They provide guidance on pre-irradiation handling (including microbiological guidelines), packaging, pre-irradiation storage and transport, irradiation facilities and absorbed doses, post-irradiation storage and handling, final product specifications, labelling, re-irradiation and the quality of irradiated products. In order to apply GIPs effectively, it recommended that the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point concept (HACCP) be implemented. The HACCP concept emphasizes prevention of, rather than detection of defects. The HACCP concept has been adopted by the Codex Alimentarius Commission and is being applied to Codex Codes of Practice. (author). 7 refs
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Source
World Health Organization, Manila (Philippines). Regional Office for the Western Pacific; Joint FAO/IAEA Div. of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna (Austria); 211 p; ISSN 1011-4289;
; Mar 1993; p. 141-145; WHO/IAEA/FAO seminar on harmonization of regulations on food irradiation in Asia and the Pacific; Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia); 20-24 Jan 1992

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AbstractAbstract
[en] Upon a decision of the Board of Governors, the IAEA is now engaged in substantive preparations for an international convention on nuclear safety. Part I of this paper examines member states' attitudes and outlines the process and the proposals culminating in the commencement of the negotiations. Part II then considers the possible elements of an ideal convention on nuclear safety. Section A surveys legal instruments in the fields of industrial safety and environmental protection that might serve as possible models for a solution, while Section B contains a commentary on the proposed structure and substance, with reference to the existing practice of states in relation to safety standards and external safety assessments. (author)
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AbstractAbstract
[en] Radiation protection law has experienced a stormy development in recent years. Further significant changes are to be expected in the near future. Two events are decisive here - firstly the Chernobyl accident, and secondly the reassessment of the Hiroshima effects, leading to changed risk assessments, and thereby to the reformulation of the fundamental recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. The accession of the new Laender has also brought new focuses in radiation protection law. EC law is acquiring increasing importance in the further development of radiation protection law. (orig.)
[de]
Das Strahlenschutzrecht hat in den vergangenen Jahren eine stuermische Entwicklung durchlaufen. Weitere einschneidende Aenderungen stehen bevor. Zwei Ereignisse sind hier massgebend - das Reaktorunglueck von Tschernobyl und die mit der Neubewertung der Hiroshima-Auswirkungen massgebenden Empfehlungen der Internationalen Strahlenschutzkommission. Auch der Beitritt der neuen Laender hat neue Akzente im Strahlenschutzrecht gebracht. Verstaerkte Bedeutung kommt bei der Fortentwicklung des Strahlenschutzrechts dem europaeischen Recht zu. (orig.)Original Title
Neue Entwicklungen im Strahlenschutzrecht - EG -Recht, ICRP 60, Einigungsvertrag
Primary Subject
Source
Pelzer, N. (ed.) (Goettingen Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Voelkerrecht); 293 p; ISBN 3-7890-2404-X;
; 1992; p. 201-222; Nomos Verlagsges; Baden-Baden (Germany); INLA 3. regional meeting on the German atomic energy law and its international implications; 3. Regionaltagung der Deutschen Landesgruppe in der International Nuclear Law Association (INLA) e.V.: Deutsches Atomenergierecht im Internationalen Rahmen; Erfurt (Germany); 6-7 Jun 1991

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AbstractAbstract
[en] Short communication
Original Title
Reglamentacion y normativa de proteccion radiologica en el Peru
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1. Regional congress on radiological and nuclear safety; 1. Congreso regional sobre seguridad radiologica y nuclear; Buenos Aires (Argentina); 21-25 Oct 1991
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Journal Article
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Seguridad Radiologica; ISSN 0327-3849;
; (no.5); p. 64

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Wright, M.J.
Abstracts of the International Conference on Occupational Radiation Safety in Mining1984
Abstracts of the International Conference on Occupational Radiation Safety in Mining1984
AbstractAbstract
[en] Abstract only
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Canadian Nuclear Association, Toronto, ON (Canada); 53 p; 1984; p. 8; International conference on occupational radiation safety in mining; Toronto, ON (Canada); 14-18 Oct 1984
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AbstractAbstract
[en] This article analyses the recent amendments to the 1966 and 1975 Decrees on general radiation protection principles and radiation protection of workers in large nuclear installations respectively and also describes national radiation protection law. In particular, the amendments incorporate the revised EURATOM basic radiation protection standards and the new international units (sievert and becquerel replace rem and curie) in the Decrees. (NEA)
[fr]
Cet article analyse les modifications recentes apportees aux decrets de 1966 et de 1975 respectivement relatifs aux principes de radio-protection et a la radioprotection des travailleurs dans des installations nucleaires de base. Il decrit egalement la legislation nationale en matiere de radioprotection. Les modifications integrent notamment dans les decrets les normes de base revisees d'EURATOM sur la radioprotection ainsi que les nouvelles unites du systeme international (sievert et becquerel remplacent rem et curie)Original Title
Protection contre les radiations - Revision de la reglementation francaise en radioprotection (1988)
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AbstractAbstract
[en] This paper reviews radiation protection measures, their harmonization, and the basic principles for legislation in this respect. It makes an in-depth study of such measures in the context of itinerant radiological workers, food irradiation, consumer goods, building materials, etc (NEA)
[fr]
Cette communication passe en revue les mesures de radioprotection, leur harmonisation et les principes de base des legislations qui les concernent. Elle contient une etude detaillee de ces mesures, applicables aux travailleurs itinerants, a l'irradiation des aliments, aux produits de consommation, aux materiaux de construction, etcPrimary Subject
Source
International Nuclear Law Association (INLA), Brussels (Belgium); 618 p; 1988; p. IV-5-IV-41; F. Vandenabeele; Brussels (Belgium); Nuclear Inter Jura'87; Antwerp (Belgium); 20-24 Sep 1987; F. Vandenabeele, President of INLA and Belgian Section, Brussels (BE)
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AbstractAbstract
[en] The author examines the provisions on environmental radioactivity monitoring given in the EURATOM treaty and in the EC standards on radiological protection, the measures taken by the EC institutions in response to the Chernobyl reactor accident, and the EC Regulation on radiological protection, issued on Nov. 22, 1987, determining radioactivity limits. The author is doubtful about the legal validity of radiation protection provisions made in the form of an immediately binding regulation based on the EURATOM treaty. In this case, the EC regulation is to be considered primarily as a preparatory regulation defining the procedure for determination of the maximum permissible limits of radioactivity contamination of food after a reactor accident. (HSCH)
[de]
Der Verfasser untersucht die Ueberwachung der Umweltradioaktivitaet nach dem Euratom-Vertrag und den EG-Strahlenschutzgrundnormen, die Massnahmen der EG-Organe nach dem Tschernobyl-Unfall, die EG-Strahlenschutz-Verordnung vom 22.12.87 zur Festlegung von Radioaktivitaetshoechstwerten. Gegen die Strahlenschutzregelung in der Rechtsform einer auf den Euratom-Vertrag gestuetzten unmittelbar verbindlichen Verordnung werden Bedenken geltend gemacht. Bei dieser EG-Verordnung ist davon auszugehen, dass sie im wesentlichen eine Vorschaltverordnung darstellt, zunaechst also nur das Verfahren fuer die Festlegung der Hoechstwerte fuer die radioaktive Kontamination von Nahrungsmitteln usw. nach dem Eintritt eines nuklearen Unfalls bestimmt. (HSCH)Original Title
EG-Strahlenschutzrecht durch unmittelbar verbindliche Verordnung?
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AbstractAbstract
[en] There are problems arising in connection with section 9, sub-sec. (1), first sentence of this Act, according to which the Federal Minister for Environmental Affairs, Nature Preservation and Reactor Safety is entitled to issue recommendations on suitable behaviour of the population. The term 'recommendations' used in the text conceals the fact that especially in environmental law, recommendations have become a common, new category of sovereign act. It is to be examined whether a Federal Ministry really has the right to issue such recommendations, and whether it has the regulatory competence. (orig./HSCH)
[de]
Nicht unproblematisch ist die Regelung des Para. 9 Abs. 1 Satz 1 StrVG, wonach der Bundesminister fuer Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit der Bevoelkerung bestimmte Verhaltensweisen empfehlen kann. Die in Para. 9 StrVG als terminus technicus benutzten 'Empfehlungen' sind eine insbesondere im Umweltrecht gebraeuchliche neue Kategorie hoheitlichen Handelns. Fraglich ist, ob dem Bund eine Befugnis zur Erteilung solcher Empfehlungen und eine entsprechende gesetzliche Regelungskompetenz zugesprochen werden kann. (orig./HSCH)Original Title
Organisationsverfassungsrechtliche Bedenken gegen das Gesetz zum vorsorgenden Schutz der Bevoelkerung gegen Strahlenbelastung (StrVG) aus der Sicht der Laenderverwaltungen?
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AbstractAbstract
[en] The regulations for the purpose of preventing ionizing radiation hazards in accordance with the Labor Safety and Hygiene Act. The enterprises concerned should make efforts to reduce, as far as possible, employee exposure to ionizing radiation. Covered are the following: controlled areas and limitations on exposure doses, protection from external radiation, prevention of contamination, emergency measures, the person in charge of X-ray operation and the person in charge of gamma-ray radiography operation, special education, work environmental measurements, health examination, and so on. (Mori, K.)
Original Title
Denri hoshasen shogai boshi kisoku
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Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo (Japan). Atomic Energy Bureau; Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo (Japan). Nuclear Safety Bureau; v. 1-3 vp; 25 Feb 1984; v. 1 p. 3201-3256; Taisei; Tokyo (Japan); Ordinance of the Ministry of Labour no. 41, 30 Sep 1972; the latest revision, Ordinance no. 35, 17 Oct 1981; loose-leaf-binding.
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