[en] Neutron produced in research reactor can be used for neutron capture therapy on malignant of brain tumor and skin cancer. The principle is that boron compounds are injected selectively into cancer cells which are irradiated by thermal neutron. The cancer cell is destroyed by alpha particle and lithium particle, both of which are produced by nuclear reaction ¹⁰ B(n,α)⁷ Li. In Japan, the research and test was started about 30 years ago, and necessary surgical and irradiation technologies were actively proceeded along with the development of the appropriate boric compounds which could be highly absorbed into the tumor cell. After the selectively absorbable compound Na₂ B₁₂ H₁₁SH was found, the potential of this therapy has been remarkably increased. Now in Japan, the clinical results of BNCT have been promoted to be a survival rate of more than 50 percents for the therapy of hundreds cases. Here, the progress and the results in Japan on BNCT for cancer mainly focusing to brain tumor together with the practice of the therapy, the applicable boric compounds, the neutron irradiation facilities, the methods of dosimetry including prompt gamma analysis, the improvement of BNCT by using epithermal neutron and other technologies are to be introduced

[en] Dissemination to bone of various neoplasms is cause of pain with poor response by major analgesics.Indications. Radiopharmaceuticals,description of main characteristics of various β emitter radionuclides.Choose of patients for worm indication of pain palliative therapy with β emitter radiopharmaceuticals is adequate must be careful . Contraindications are recognized.Pre and post treatment controls as clinical examination and complete serology are described.It is essential to subscribe protocols,keep patient well informed,included the physician in charge of the patient as part of the team.Bibliography

[en] Because of the growing interest in the use of the beta emitters radiopharmaceuticals applied to therapy in different cancer cases, we developed a formulation of ¹⁸⁶ Re-HEDP (hydroxy ethylidene diphosphonate) as a pain palliative in osseous metastases. Besides serving like therapeutic agent, together with the ¹⁵³ Sm-EDTMP (ethylene diamine tetra methylene phosphonate), which has already been synthesized and proved, labels EHDP could be very useful like a diagnostic agent in the pursuit of the illness. The irradiation conditions for Rhenium-186 were established by ORIGIN 2 codes for TRIGA reactors. A pharmaceutical formulation was developed employing a factorial experimental design obtaining a complex with a radiochemical purity over 90 %. The complexes ¹⁸⁶ Re-HEDP ¹⁵³ Sm-EDTMP were intravenous administered in BALB-C mice sacrifying them in several intervals of time in order to determine the cumulated activity in each organ to perform absorbed dose calculation by MIRD methodology (Medical Internal Radiation Dose). Radio pharmacokinetic data demonstrated that both complexes follow a biexponential kinetic of first order behavior. In the case of the ¹⁸⁶ Re-HEDP the value of the α constant was 0.2789 and β 0.0006 with an effective dose of 2.56 (mSv)/MBq , while for the complex ¹⁵³ Sm-EDTMP the values of α to and β were 0.9012 and and 0.616 respectively and the effective dose was 0.262 (mSv)/MBq. In conclusion, radiopharmaceutical ¹⁵³ Sm-EDTMP, showed a greater bone uptake and a minor effective dose, for which it is a better radiopharmaceutical, respect to with the formulation of ¹⁸⁶ Re-HEDP. (Author)

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[en] Some notions on the action of radiations on tissues are followed by a review of the different radiotherapic techniques: metabolic radiotherapy, curietherapy, transcutaneous radiotherapy. The radioelements used in these various techniques are then described, together with the way in which they are conditioned (colloids, applicators, sources)

[en] Under study was the state of microcirculation in surgical and combination treatment (with radiotherapy) in patients with cancer of the esophagus and cardia. The method of isotope semiresorption from the muscle depot (64) of patients and the arterio-venous difference for water after the technique of V.P. Kaznacheev and A.A. Dzizinski (26 patients) were employed. The state of microcirculation was found to be dependent on the degree of emaciation, preoperative telegamma therapy and the postoperative complications. The mostly impaired microcirculation was noted in emaciated patients with developing complication who were sebjected to radiotherapy

[en] Thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins (TSAb) were measured in fifty-four patients with Graves' disease before treatment with either radioiodine (seventeen patients) or propylthiouracil (PTU) (thirty-seven patients) and followed during treatment. After radioiodine TSAb increased to levels exceeding pretreatment values, and became detectable in three of six originally TSAb negative patients. In most patients TSAb decreased during treatment with PTU, and became undetectable after a mean of 12 months in patients above 40 years, and after a mean of 6 months in patients below 40 years. In order to eliminate the presumed causative agent in Graves' disease, antithyroid treatment should be at least 18 months in patients above 40 years, and at least 12 months in patients below 40 years of age. In twenty-nine patients TSAb were measured at cessation of 2 years antithyroid drug therapy. Ten patients were TSAb positive and all except one relapsed. Five of nineteen TSAb negative patients relapsed. Although TSAb positivity predicts relapse, it is not an ideal index of prognosis after antithyroid therapy. (author)