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[en] This report contains a selected bibliography on the nondestructive assay of irradiated and unirradiated reactor fuel assemblies. The report also includes a discussion and evaluation of these papers in the light of the problems presented by variations in enrichment, alloying, cladding, geometrical arrangement, etc., among the many kinds of fuel assemblies. Suggestions for further development work are made. (author)
Source
Technical reports series; No. 1; 1959; 42 p; IAEA; Vienna (Austria); STI/DOC--10/1; ISBN 92-0-175059-5; 
[en] In September last year, the Japanese Government requested the International Atomic Energy Agency to supply three tons of natural uranium for a research reactor, and the Agency has now arranged for its sale to Japan. The metal will be supplied in ingot form and after fabrication it will be used as fuel in a reactor of the natural uranium, heavy water type. The uranium will be obtained from Canada and sold to Japan by IAEA. The Agency had invited tenders for its supply, and after considering the tenders received, the Agency's Board of Governors decided that the Canadian offer to the Agency of three tons of natural uranium free of charge should be accepted and that the selling price to Japan should be US $35. 50 per kilogramme. The price takes into account Article XIV/E of the Agency's Statute which says that the Agency shall establish a scale of charges (including those for storage and handling) for materials furnished to Member States, and that the scale shall be designed to produce revenues to meet expenses in connexion with materials acquired by the Agency and costs of materials and services provided by it under agreements with one or more members. This is the first operation of its kind to be undertaken by the Agency, and the reactor for which the supply is being made will be the first in Japan to be constructed by Japanese scientists and technicians. IAEA's Board of Governors has given the necessary approval to the reactor project for which the Agency is providing assistance
Journal
[en] The Scientific Advisory Committee of the International Atomic Energy Agency held its second series of meetings in Vienna on 4-5 June 1959. The members of the Committee are seven distinguished scientists from different countries: Dr. H.J. Bhabha (India), Sir John Cockcroft (UK), Professor V.S. Emelyanov (USSR), Dr. B. Goldschmidt (France), Dr. B. Gross (Brazil), Dr. W.B. Lewis (Canada) and Professor I.I. Rabi (USA). The function of the Committee is to provide the Director General and through him the Board of Governors with scientific and technical advice on questions relating to the Agency's activities. Subjects for consideration by the Committee can be submitted by the Director General either on his own behalf or on behalf of the Board. At its recent session, the Committee considered several aspects of the Agency's scientific programme, including the proposed conferences, symposia and seminars for 1960, scientific and technical publications, and the research contracts which had been or were to be awarded by the Agency. The programme of conferences for the current year had been approved earlier by the Board of Governors on the recommendation of the Committee. A provisional list of 17 conferences, symposia and seminars for 1960 was examined by the Committee and recommendations were made to the Director General. The Committee also examined the Agency's policy on the award of contracts for research work and studies. An important subject before the Committee was the principles and regulations for the application of Agency safeguards. Another subject considered by the Committee was the possibility of a project for an exchange of knowledge on controlled thermonuclear fusion. The Committee also examined a proposal for the determination of the world-wide distribution of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in water. Exact information on the distribution of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in rain, in rivers, in ground water and in oceans would be important for areas with limited water supply, and would add to the present knowledge of potential water resources in arid and semi-arid regions. Among other subjects considered by the Committee was the preparation of a basic manuscript on atomic energy and its peaceful uses, which could serve as an aid to teachers in secondary schools, particularly in the technically less advanced countries. The IAEA Board of Governors has already approved the project for such a manual, which will be prepared in co-operation with UNESCO
Journal
[en] In ''profile counting'', a counter is moved progressively along the whole length of the body, and is so collimated that, at each position, it records the radioisotope content of the whole width of the body, but of only a short section of its length. If the counting rate at each position is plotted against the distance of the counter from the vertex of the head, the ''profile'' so obtained gives a rapid and quantitative measure of the radioisotope distribution throughout the body. When a suitable isotope is selectively concentrated in certain organs or tissues of the body, the profile will show peaks indicative of the sites and extent of such concentration, the organs concerned being identified by two-dimensional mapping, and profile counts continued to follow the turnover or changes of concentration in these organs. This technique has been used in the study of I131 concentration and metabolism in thyroid carcinomata, and its value in the management of the radioiodine treatment of such tumours will be discussed. It has also been used in examining the distribution of labelled thyroxine and triiodothyronine after intravenous administration, and of yttrium-90 oxide particles after intrapulmonary artery injection; and of other isotopes by gamma radiation or bremsstrahlung. The method gives a clinically convenient simplification of whole body mapping which lends itself particularly to the quantitative comparison of isotope distribution at different intervals after a radioisotope dose, or after successive doses. (author)
[fr]
On deplace progressivement, le long du corps, un collimateur regle de maniere a deceler, dans chaque position, la quantite de radioisotopes contenue dans toute l'epaisseur du corps, mais sur un bref secteur seulement de sa longueur. Si l'on trace une courbe indiquant le taux de comptage en fonction de la distance entre le compteur et le sommet de la tete, on obtient un < profil> qui donne rapidement une mesure quantitative de la repartition des radioisotopes dans le corps. Quand un isotope approprie est concentre selectivement dans certains organes ou tissus du corps, le < profil> presente des pointes indiquant l'emplacement et les dimensions de ces concentrations, les organes affectes peuvent alors etre identifies au moyen de doubles visees; on poursuit le comptage le long de l'axe principal du corps, afin de suivre le debit ou les changements de concentration dans ces organes. Cette technique a ete mise en oeuvre pour etudier la concentration et le metabolisme de l'iode-131 dans les cancers de la thyroide; son utilite pour le mode de traitement de ces tumeurs au moyen du radioiode sera examinee. La meme technique a ete adoptee pour etudier la repartition de la thyroxine et de la triiodothyronine marquees apres injection intraveineuse et celle de particules d'oxyde d'yttrium-90 apres injection arterielle intrapulmonaire , ainsi que pour determiner la repartition d'autres isotopes d'apres l'irradiation gamma ou le rayonnement de freinage. Cette methode permet une simplification, utile en recherche clinique, du releve graphique complet du corps humain; elle se prete particulierement a la comparaison quantitative de la repartition des isotopes a des intervalles differents, apres une ou plusieurs doses successives de radioisotopes. (author)[es]
En el recuento segun el eje principal del cuerpo, se desplaza progresivarnente un contador a lo largo de todo el organismo, colimandolo de tal forma que, en cada posicion, registre la cantidad de radioisotopos contenida en toda la anchura del cuerpo y solamente en una pequena seccion de su longitud. Si se representa graficamente el indice de recuento en funcion de la distancia del contador a la parte superior de la cabeza, se obtiene un ''perfil'' que proporciona una medida rapida y cuantitativa de la distribucion de los radioisotopos en el organismo. Cuando un isotopo adecuado este concentrado de modo selectivo en determinados organos o tejidos del organismo, el perfil presentara maximos que indican las regiones del cuerpo en que se producen esas concentraciones y el grado de las mismas; los organos de que se trate pueden identificarse entonces mediante un sistema de representacion bidimensional; se prosigue luego el recuento segun el eje principal con el fin de observar la renovacion de los isotopos o las modificaciones de su concentracion en esos organos. Esta tecnica se ha utilizado para estudiar la concentracion y el metabolismo del yodo-131 en los tumores de la tiroides; se examinara su utilidad para vigilar el tratamiento de esos tumores con yodo radiactivo. La misma tecnica se ha empleado para estudiar la distribucion de la tiroxina y de la triyodotironina marcadas con yodo-131 administradas por via intravenosa, y de particulas de oxido de itrio-90, despues de su inyeccion en una arteria intrapulmonar, asi como para determinar la distribucion de otros isotopos sobre la base de la radiacion gamma o de la radiacion de frenado. Este metodo permite obtener una representacion grafica, convenientemente simplificada para diagnosis mediante comparaciones cuantitativas, de la distribucion, a diferentes intervalos, de los isotopos administrados en dosis unica o sucesivas. (author)[ru]
Pri takom issledovanii schetchik postepenno peremeshchaetsya vdol' vsego tela i tak kollimirovan, chto on v kazhdom polozhenii pokazyvaet soderzhanie radioizotopov lish' v uzkoj polose poperek vsego tela. Esli vychertit' diagrammu skorosti otschetov v kazhdom polozhenii v sootvetstvii s rasstoyaniem schetchika ot temeni, to poluchennaya takim obrazom krivaya pozvolyaaet bystroe izmerenie kolichestvennog o raspredeleni ya izotopov vo vsem tele. Kogda nadlezhashchij izotop preimushchestvenn o skontsentrirovals ya v nekotorykh organakh ili tkanyakh tela, to v krivoj poyavlyayutsya rezkie povysheniya, pokazyvayushchie mesto i razmery takoj kontsentratsii, prichem sootvetstvuyushchi e organy opoznayutsya putem sostavleniya skhemy v dvukh izmereniyakh, a issledovanie schetchikom prodolzhaetsya s tsel'yu sledit' za peremeshniem ili izmeneniem kontsentratsii v ehtikh organakh. EHtot metod byl ispol'zovan pri izuchenii kontsentratsii I131 i obmena veshchestv v rakovykh opukholyakh shchitovidnoj zhelezy, i predstoit obsudit' ego tsennost' dlya lecheniya takikh opukholej radioaktivny m iodom. On primenyalsya takzhe dlya izucheniya raspredeleniya mechenogo tiroksina i tijodotronina posle ikh vvedeniya v venu i chastits okisi ittriya90 posle vnutrilegochnoj arterial'noj infektsii, a takzhe drugikh izotopov s pomoshch'yu gamma i tormoznogo izlucheniya. EHtot metod uproshchaet, v udobnykh v klinicheskom otnoshenii usloviyakh, sostavlenie skhemy vsego tela, kotoraya, v chastnosti, pozvolyaet provesti kolichestvennoe sravnenie raspredeleniya izotopov v razlichnye promezhutki vremeni posle vvedeniya odnoj ili neskol'kikh posleduyushchikh doz radioizotopa. (author)Source
International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria); World Health Organization, Geneva (Switzerland); 278 p; 1959; p. 143-157; Seminar on Medical Radioisotope Scanning; Vienna (Austria); 25-27 Feb 1959; ISSN 0074-1884; ; 33 figs, 5 refs
; 33 figs, 5 refs
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