[en] Experimental verification of the new dichotomic sampling scheme was attempted and applied to a circular ring PET system to improve the sampling thereby the overall system resolution and its performances. In the experiment, two different types of aperture collimators were adopted for high resolution (HR) and very high resolution (VHR) imaging. In HR mode, a resolution of 6.5 mm FWHM was obtained without appreciable degradation in overall sensitivity which represents a threefold resolution improvement over the original system. In phantom studies with HR mode a sensitivity of 4500 counts/sec/μCi/cc was obtained for a 20 cm diameter uniform phantom filled with water. VHR mode experiment was also conducted to observe the ultimate resolution capability of DICHOTOM-I system and resolution of 4.2 mm FWHM was obtained at the expense of sensitivity reduction by a factor of four from HR mode experiment. 11 figures, 2 tables

[en] The reactor building and the auxiliary buildings of a PWR are situated on a common baseplate where one ceiling covers all the auxiliary buildings. The ceiling is directly connected to the reactor building and via supporting walls to the baseplate. The structure of at least some auxiliary buildings is decoupled from the ceiling and the supporting walls. (orig./HP)

[en] The filter cartridge has a cylindrical case with an inlet and outlet on the front which is closed by rubber rings. These can be penetrated by a channel to make a connection. The filter cartridge itself has a filling of active carbon powder carried by supporting sieves between two glass fiber end layers. The active carbon is impregnated with silver chloride and possibly mixed with manganese dioxide. The spaces of the filter cartridge are filled with water, so that there is no air enclosure. (DG)

[en] The results of conventional hepatosplenic scintiscans from 232 patients were contrasted with those obtained by the additional use of emission computed tomography and computed evaluation of the tomograms. In 197 cases the scintiscan findings were in agreement with those revealed by emission computed tomography (ECAT). 23 Scintigrams, however, suggested the presence of a focus that was not confirmed by ECAT, whereas the scintigrams failed to point to a focus in 12 patients positive on ECAT. An evaluation of the course of disease permitting a firm diagnosis to be established could be made in 123 patients just on the basis of transmission computed tomography or other reliable methods of investigation. This led to the conclusion that the high sensitivity of the scintiscans cannot be improved further by ECAT. One decisive advantage offered by ECAT, however, is high specifity. This means that even though the use of ECAT is associated with reduced absolute sensitivity, it leads to an increase in specifity from 92 to 98% and an increase in diagnostic accuracy from 92 to 97%. ECAT can therefore be regarded as an approach to improved hepatosplenic scintiscanning in the form of three-dimensional scans and computer-aided quantitative evaluation of the latter. (TRV)

[en] 194 simultaneous functional series scintiscannings with 131-I-bromosulfophthalein and 99mTc-sulfur colloid and 87 examinations with 131-I-BSP alone build the basis for this study and, when necessary, included laparoscopic, radiological and histological findings. 29 persons served as the control group. For 131-I-BSP in accordance with pharmacokinetics a two-compartment model with two-directional exchange between plasma and liver and with excretion of the coloring material from the hepatocytes into the bile canaliculi was used. For 99mTc-S colloid a kinetic model which is made up of two distribution areas of plasma and RES with alternating material exchange was used. The functional series scintigraphy with 131-I-BSP is a good indicator for the excretion function of the liver. Even diseases which mostly proceed with a small liver function disturbance show significantly reduced clearance constants for 131-I-BSP in comparison to the norm. For 99mTc-S colloid it was not possible either with the help of the compartment analysis or by means of semiquantitative evaluation to determine significant differences between the individual parameters of people with healthy or diseased livers. Clinically strong diagnostic findings can therefore not be won using this method. (TRV)

[en] This book is published with the financial support of the African Network of Scientific and Technological Institutions (ANSTI), an organization within UNESCO. The book contains numerous examples of actual hydraulics, projects and comprehensive set of problems. The second edition has been updated by the use of metric units throughout and expanded by the introduction of new sections on hydrostatics and routing of floods and river channels

[en] The results of 406 scans obtained after the administration of autologous leukocytes labeled with 300 microcuries of 111-Indium (111-In WBC) to patients being evaluated for possible focal inflammatory disease involving the abdomen and/or retroperitoneal space are presented. Medical records were also reviewed to determine whether or not there was clinical evidence of an abscess or other inflammatory disease at the time of each scan. Scans in 143 cases were interpreted as showing abnormal foci of radioactivity whereas 131 studies were classified as abnormal on a clinical basis. Both criteria were deemed positive for inflammatory disease in 114 cases and both were negative in 220. Thirteen patients also had 67-Ga scans performed. The results from this small group suggest that the leukocyte labeling procedure may be slightly better than 67-Ga for detection of inflammatory disease in the abdomen or retroperitoneal space

[en] Reaction of the co-ordinatively unsaturated carbene thiochelate anion [Cr{C(O^-)=C(SR¹)SR²}(CO)₃(THF)] with various ligands has been investigated. The P-donor ligand, P(OMe)₂(0SiMe₃) substitutes THF to yield, after alkylation, chiral tricarbonyl complexes. The ligands S=CN(H)CH₂CH₂NH and S=CSCH₂CH₂S cause displacement of THF and the carbene thioether chelate, leading to pentacarbonyl thione complexes. The reaction with S=CSCH₂CH₂S a thermolabile intermediate, gives rise to the dithiocarbene complex [Cr(CO)₅CSCH₂CH₂S] and affords [Cr(CO)₄(CNBu^t)CSCH₂CH₂S] on reaction with CNBu^t. Due to decreased reactivity of the co-ordinated thiocarbonyl group and the presence of the metal, novel reactions could be effected at other centres on the thione ligand in the complex [Cr(CO)₅S=CSCH₂CH₂S]. Deprotonation followed by alkylation gives rise to ylid complex [Cr(CO)₅{S=CS(Et)=CHCH₂S}]. Consecutive deprotonation, addition of CS₂ and alkylation yield a co-ordinated thioaldehyde [Cr(CO)₅{S=CHCH=C(SEt)₂}]. Irradiation of [Fe(CO)₅] in the presence of [Cr(CO)₅S=CSCH₂CH₂S] results in formation of the cluster compounds [(CO)₃FeSCSCH₂CH₂SFe(CO)₃-μS¹,C,S] (Fe-Fe), XVII, and [{Fe(CO)₃}₃(μ₃-CSCH₂CH₂S-μC,S)(μ₃-S)] (2Fe-Fe), XVI, as well as [{Fe(CO)₃}₃(μ₃-S₂)] (2Fe-Fe) and [(CO)₃FeSCH₂CH₂SFe(CO)₃] (Fe-Fe) to employ 2-lithiobenzothiazole as an α-thio carbanion, analogous to 2-lithio-1,3-dithiane, the conversions led to the carbene complex [Cr{CN(Et)C₆H₄-S-o}(CO)₅], XI. When 2-lithio-benzothiazole reacts with [Cr(CO)₆] in THF-solution, the carbene complex [Cr{C(OEt)C=NC₆H₄-S-o}(CO)₅], XII, is obtained after alkylation. ¹H and ¹³C nmr were used for structure determinations

[en] Published in summary form only

[en] A specific radioimmunoassay for the alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) was developed. The standard curve shows a constant course in a sphere of 0.15-1.6 pmol/l. In the RIA, a synthetic hormone radioactively iodized by means of the chloranine-T-Method (125 I-α-MSH) was hold as tracer. The radioimmunoassay developed here for α-MSH meets criteria like specificity and sensitivity which are necessary to prove and measure α-MSH in various animal (and human) compartments. Up to now, α-MSH could not be proved in human plasma. The question of whether the ligand has a changed constitution in the plasma and can therefore be not recognized by the antibodies produced against it or whether there is no α-MSH in the human plasma could not be clarified yet. (orig.)