[en] The proceedings of the meeting IMIS - integrating system for the environmental monitoring and emergency preparedness and response includes contributions to the following sessions: Experience from operation and application of IMIS; technical development in the measuring networks; measurements and analyses; quality management and quality assurance; decision making support systems, electronic situation report; international data and information exchange I and II. The volume includes also poster contributions and workshops.

[en] Lymphoscintigraphy is one of diagnostic method which is conducted by injecting a colloidal radiopharmaceutical labeled technetium-99m which have ideally size of 100-200 nm in diameters by intradermal, subcutaneous or peritumoral route. The radiopharmaceutical movement in the lymphatic vessel can be detected from external side using gamma camera or a special probe for lymphoscintigraphy parallelly with surgery of tumor or cancer especially breast cancer. In the year of 2006 and 2007 have succeeded to be carried out designed and formulated of ^99mTc-HSA-nanospheres is representing one of the nanocolloid radiopharmaceutical which is having the biodegradable and bioavailable characters. In the year of 2008, the study was continued to study of physical-chemistry characteristic of ^99mTc-HSA-nanospheres, including radiochemical purity, pH, lipophilicity, plasma protein binding, electricity charge, stability after storage at certain temperature and in the plasmatic media. The results shows that ^99mTc-HSA-nanospheres radiopharmaceutical have radiochemical purity of 92,1 ± 2,6%, pH = 6,5 - 7, its number of lipophilicity was 0,127 ± 0,03, plasma protein binding 89,6 ± 1,2% and neutral electricity charge. After 30 minutes, it was kept at room temperature, its radiochemical purity slow down became 71%, while if it was kept at temperature of 4°C (refrigerator) after one hour the radiochemical purity still more than 90%. In vitro plasmatic stability indicated that radiochemical purity was go down drastically, started from 30 minutes later, then one hour that was 61,8% and 55,9%, and at 2, 3 and until four hours storage this value did not change significantly that was 57,8%, 51,2%, 52% and after 24 hours became 8,2%. (author)

[en] We found that the reactivity of Al-trifluoroacetoxydiisobutylalane (DIBAO₂CCF₃) is much stronger than that of Al-acetoxydiisobutylalane (DIBAOAc) toward carbonyl compounds: these results indicate that the strong electron-with rawing fluorine substituent in acetoxy group increases the acidity of the reagent and makes it stronger. From these experimental backgrounds, we designed the fluorinated methanesulfonyl derivative, Al-trifluromethane-sulfonyldiisobutylalane (DIBAO₃SCF₃), and applied to the reduction of epoxides. This communication described the reactivity and regioselectivity of DIBAO₃SCF₃ in the reaction of epoxides, and compares with those of DIBAO₃SCH₃. DIBAO₃SCF₃ can be readily prepared by a simple reaction of diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAH) with an equivalent of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid in Et₂O at 0 .deg. C

[en] Metastasis accounts for the vast majority of morbidity and mortality associated with melanoma. Evidence suggests melanoma has a predilection for metastasis to particular organs. Experimental analyses have begun to shed light on the mechanisms regulating melanoma metastasis and organ specificity, but these analyses are complicated by observations of metastatic dormancy and dissemination of melanocytes that are not yet fully malignant. Additionally, tumor extrinsic factors in the microenvironment, both at the site of the primary tumor and the site of metastasis, play important roles in mediating the metastatic process. As metastasis research moves forward, paradigms explaining melanoma metastasis as a step-wise process must also reflect the temporal complexity and heterogeneity in progression of this disease. Genetic drivers of melanoma as well as extrinsic regulators of disease spread, particularly those that mediate metastasis to specific organs, must also be incorporated into newer models of melanoma metastasis

[en] Researches conducted by Batan's researchers have resulted in a number competences that can be used to produce goods and services, which will be applied to industrial sector. However, there are difficulties how to convey and utilize the R and D products into industrial sector. Evaluation results show that each research result should be completed with techno-economy analysis to obtain the feasibility of a product for industry. Further analysis on multy-product concept, in which one business can produce many main products, will be done. For this purpose, a software package simulating techno-economy I economic feasibility which uses deterministic and stochastic data (Monte Carlo method) was been carried out for multi-product including side product. The programming language used in Visual Basic Studio Net 2003 and SQL as data base processing software. This software applied sensitivity test to identify which investment criteria is sensitive for the prospective businesses. Performance test (trial test) has been conducted and the results are in line with the design requirement, such as investment feasibility and sensitivity displayed deterministically and stochastically. These result can be interpreted very well to support business decision. Validation has been performed using Microsoft Excel (for single product). The result of the trial test and validation show that this package is suitable for demands and is ready for use. (author)

[en] Molecularly targeted therapy is relatively new to ovarian cancer despite the unquestionable success with these agents in other solid tumours such as breast and colorectal cancer. Advanced ovarian cancer is chemosensitive and patients can survive several years on treatment. However chemotherapy diminishes in efficacy over time whilst toxicities persist. Newer biological agents that target explicit molecular pathways and lack specific chemotherapy toxicities such as myelosuppression offer the advantage of long-term therapy with a manageable toxicity profile enabling patients to enjoy a good quality of life. In this review we appraise the emerging data on novel targeted therapies in ovarian cancer. We discuss the role of these compounds in the front-line treatment of ovarian cancer and in relapsed disease; and describe how the development of predictive clinical, molecular and imaging biomarkers will define the role of biological agents in the treatment of ovarian cancer

[en] It has been recently demonstrated that substance P (SP) and neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor antagonists induce cell proliferation and cell inhibition in human melanoma cells, respectively. However, the antitumor action of the NK-1 receptor antagonist L-732,138 on such cells is unknown. The aim of this study was to demonstrate an antitumor action of L-732,138 against three human melanoma cell lines (COLO 858, MEL HO, COLO 679). We found that L-732,138 elicits cell growth inhibition in a concentration dependent manner in the melanoma cells studied. Moreover, L-732,138 blocks SP mitogen stimulation. The specific antitumor action of L-732,138 occurred through the NK-1 receptor and melanoma cell death was by apoptosis. These findings indicate that the NK-1 receptor antagonist L-732,138 could be a new antitumor agent in the treatment of human melanoma

[en] Although tumor dormancy is highly prevalent, the underling mechanisms are still mostly unknown. It is unclear which lesions will progress and become a disseminated cancer, and which will remain dormant and asymptomatic. Yet, an improved ability to predict progression would open the possibility of timely treatment and improvement in outcomes. We have recently described the ability of platelets to selectively uptake angiogenesis regulators very early in tumor growth, and proposed their use as an early marker of malignancy. In this review we will summarize current knowledge about these processes and will discuss the possibility of using platelet content to predict presence of occult tumors

[en] Cannabinoids, the active components of Cannabis sativa, have been shown to exert antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects on a wide spectrum of tumor cells and tissues. Of interest, cannabinoids have displayed great potency in reducing the growth of glioma tumors, one of the most aggressive CNS tumors, either in vitro or in animal experimental models curbing the growth of xenografts generated by subcutaneous or intrathecal injection of glioma cells in immune-deficient mice. Cannabinoids appear to be selective antitumoral agents as they kill glioma cells without affecting the viability of non-transformed cells. This review will summarize the anti-cancer properties that cannabinoids exert on gliomas and discuss their potential action mechanisms that appear complex, involving modulation of multiple key cell signaling pathways and induction of oxidative stress in glioma cells

[en] Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas are strongly resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs and radiation, underscoring the need for new therapeutic targets, particularly ones which target the numerous out of cycle cancer cells. Analysis of resected tumors for nuclear Ki67 antigen has shown that about 70% of pancreatic cancer cells are out of cycle, some post-mitotic. Other out of cycle cells are in a quiescent, reversible G0 state, resistant to drugs which target dividing cells, with some able to repopulate a tumor. The serine/threonine kinase Mirk/dyrk1B is a downstream effector of oncogenic K-ras, the most common mutation in this cancer. Mirk expression is elevated in quiescent pancreatic cancer cells and mediates their prolonged survival through increasing expression of a cohort of antioxidant genes. Mirk is expressed in about 90% of pancreatic cancers and is amplified in a subset. Mirk appears not to be an essential gene for normal cells from embryonic knockout studies in mice and RNA interference studies on cultured cells, but is upregulated in pancreatic tumor cells. These unusual characteristics suggest that Mirk may be a selective target for therapeutic intervention